Microbiology With Diseases by Body System 5th Edition by Robert W. Bauman – Test Bank
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Microbiology with Diseases by Body System, 5e (Bauman)
Chapter 3 Cell Structure and Function
3.1 Multiple Choice Questions
1) Using a microscope, you observe an amoeba moving toward a
food source. This is an example of
1. A)
reproduction.
2. B)
cellular structure.
3. C)
metabolism.
4. D)
growth.
5. E)
responsiveness.
Answer: E
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Processes of Life
Learning Outcome: 3.1
2) Which of the following is NOT a component of bacterial
flagella?
1. A)
flagellin
2. B)
basal body
3. C)
tubulin
4. D)
filament
5. E)
hook
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: External Structure of Bacterial Cells
Learning Outcome: 3.5
3) Which of the following statements concerning the
characteristics of life is FALSE?
1. A)
reproduction is defined as an increase in the size of an organism.
2. B)
viruses have some, but not all, of the characteristics of living things.
3. C) organisms
may not exhibit all of the characteristics of life at all times.
4. D)
reproduction can occur asexually or sexually in living things.
5. E)
living things store metabolic energy in the form of chemicals such as ATP.
Answer: A
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Processes of Life
Learning Outcome: 3.1
4) Some bacteria have an outer layer called a ________ which
allows them to adhere to surfaces and contributes to their ability to cause
disease.
1. A)
cell wall
2. B)
LPS
3. C)
capsule
4. D)
flagellum
5. E) pilus
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Section: External Structure of Bacterial Cells
Learning Outcome: 3.3
5) Which of the following bacterial cell structures plays an
important role in the creation of biofilms?
1. A)
glycocalyces
2. B)
flagella
3. C) fimbriae
4. D)
pili
5. E)
both fimbriae and glycocalyces
Answer: E
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: External Structure of Bacterial Cells
Learning Outcome: 3.3, 3.7
6) Which of the following organisms is a prokaryote?
1. A)
algae
2. B)
archaea
3. C)
fungus
4. D)
protozoa
5. E)
both archaea and protozoa
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Section: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells: An Overview
Learning Outcome: 3.2
7) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all living
things?
1. A) metabolism
2. B)
motility
3. C)
growth
4. D)
reproduction
5. E)
responsiveness
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Section: Processes of Life
Learning Outcome: 3.1
8) Some bacteria have a water-soluble outer slime layer composed
of
1. A)
carbohydrate.
2. B)
lipid.
3. C)
peptidoglycan.
4. D)
protein.
5. E)
lipoteichoic acid.
Answer: A
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: External Structure of Bacterial Cells
Learning Outcome: 3.3
9) Which of the following statements concerning conjugation pili
is FALSE?
1. A)
Pili are longer than fimbriae and flagella.
2. B)
Pili facilitate the transfer of DNA among bacterial cells.
3. C)
Pili are long, hollow tubules.
4. D)
Not all bacteria have pili.
5. E) A
bacterial cell will usually have only one or two pili.
Answer: A
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: External Structure of Bacterial Cells
Learning Outcome: 3.7
10) Which of the following may be a component of bacterial cell
walls?
1. A)
carrageenan
2. B)
lipoteichoic acids
3. C)
mycolic acid
4. D)
tubulin
5. E)
both lipoteichoic and mycolic acids
Answer: E
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Bacterial Cell Walls
Learning Outcome: 3.11
11) Bacterial cell walls that are resistant to drying contain
1. A)
carbohydrates.
2. B)
amino acids.
3. C)
lipopolysaccharide.
4. D)
tubulin.
5. E)
waxes.
Answer: E
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Bacterial Cell Walls
Learning Outcome: 3.11
12) Lipid A is a component of
1. A)
the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
2. B)
plant cell walls.
3. C)
cytoplasmic membranes.
4. D)
Gram-positive bacterial membranes.
5. E)
bacterial glycocalyces.
Answer: A
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Bacterial Cell Walls
Learning Outcome: 3.12
13) Bacteria of the genus Mycoplasma lack cell walls. What sort
of environment do they require for survival?
1. A)
low temperature
2. B)
hypotonic
3. C)
isotonic
4. D)
hypertonic
5. E) a
biofilm
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Section: Bacterial Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.17
14) Lipid-soluble molecules would be expected to cross the
cytoplasmic membrane by which of the following processes?
1. A)
osmosis
2. B)
facilitated diffusion
3. C)
diffusion
4. D)
active transport
5. E)
group translocation
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Section: Bacterial Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.16
15) ATP is expended in which of the following processes?
1. A)
facilitated diffusion
2. B)
diffusion
3. C)
group translocation
4. D)
active transport
5. E)
both active transport and group translocation
Answer: E
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Bacterial Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.16
16) Which of the following statements concerning osmosis is
FALSE?
1. A)
Osmosis requires a selectively permeable membrane.
2. B)
During osmosis, water crosses to the side of the membrane with a lower solute
concentration.
3. C) Cells
placed in hypotonic solutions will gain water.
4. D)
Crenation results when blood cells are placed in a hypertonic solution.
5. E)
Osmosis stops when the system reaches equilibrium.
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Section: Bacterial Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.17
17) Endospores survive a variety of harsh conditions in part
because of the presence of
1. A)
mycolic acid.
2. B)
lipopolysaccharide.
3. C)
hopanoids.
4. D)
dipicolinic acid.
5. E)
glycoproteins.
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Section: Cytoplasm of Bacteria
Learning Outcome: 3.20
18) Bacterial ________ are sites of metabolite storage.
1. A)
nucleoids
2. B)
vacuoles
3. C)
inclusions
4. D)
pili
5. E)
periplasm
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Section: Cytoplasm of Bacteria
Learning Outcome: 3.19
19) The flagella of archaea are similar to bacterial flagella
but differ in that they
1. A)
lack a basal body.
2. B)
move like a whip.
3. C)
are anchored in the cytoplasm.
4. D)
are hollow.
5. E)
are driven by ATP hydrolysis.
Answer: E
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: External Structure of Archaea
Learning Outcome: 3.24
20)
The cells illustrated in Figure 3.1 are in a(n) ________
environment.
1. A)
hypotonic
2. B)
hypertonic
3. C)
isotonic
4. D)
fluid mosaic
5. E)
passive
Answer: A
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Section: Bacterial Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.17
21) The bacterial ________ maintains the DNA in a specific
location and facilitates the process of bacterial cell division.
1. A)
nucleoid
2. B)
inclusion
3. C)
pilus
4. D)
cytoskeleton
5. E)
fimbriae
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Cytoplasm of Bacteria
Learning Outcome: 3.21
22) Bacterial ribosomes are composed of several polypeptides and
1. A)
three RNA molecules in two subunits.
2. B)
three RNA molecules in three subunits.
3. C)
two RNA molecules in two subunits.
4. D)
two RNA molecules in a single complex.
5. E)
one large RNA molecule in a single complex.
Answer: A
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Cytoplasm of Bacteria
Learning Outcome: 3.21
23) The glycocalyx of a eukaryotic cell performs all of the
following functions EXCEPT
1. A)
protection against dehydration.
2. B)
anchoring cells to each other.
3. C)
cellular recognition and communication.
4. D)
transfer of genetic material between cells.
5. E) strengthening
the cell surface.
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Section: External Structure of Eukaryotic Cells
Learning Outcome: 3.30
24) Which of the following is a nonmembranous organelle found
only in eukaryotic cells?
1. A) cytoskeleton
2. B)
flagellum
3. C)
ribosome
4. D)
centriole
5. E)
pilus
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Cytoplasm of Eukaryotes
Learning Outcome: 3.39
25) Which of the following is part of the structure of the
mitochondria of a eukaryotic cell?
1. A)
cilia
2. B)
cristae
3. C)
thylakoids
4. D)
inclusions
5. E)
nucleolus
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Section: Cytoplasm of Eukaryotes
Learning Outcome: 3.43
26) Which of the following statements about the endoplasmic
reticulum (ER) is CORRECT?
1. A)
The rough ER is the site of lipid synthesis.
2. B)
The smooth ER has ribosomes associated with it.
3. C)
The ER is a lipid storage organelle.
4. D)
The ER is a transport system within the cytoplasm.
5. E)
The smooth ER is a site of ATP synthesis.
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Section: Cytoplasm of Eukaryotes
Learning Outcome: 3.42
27) Short, hairlike structures used only by eukaryotic cells for
movement are called
1. A)
pili.
2. B)
flagella.
3. C)
fimbriae.
4. D)
pseudopodia.
5. E)
cilia.
Answer: E
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Section: Cytoplasm of Eukaryotes
Learning Outcome: 3.37
28) Chloroplasts differ from mitochondria in that the former
have
1. A)
DNA.
2. B)
two lipid bilayers.
3. C)
70S ribosomes.
4. D)
thylakoids.
5. E)
cristae.
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Section: Cytoplasm of Eukaryotes
Learning Outcome: 3.43
29) Which of the following is paired incorrectly?
1. A)
plants; cellulose cell wall
2. B)
algae; glycocalyx
3. C)
bacteria; peptidoglycan cell wall
4. D)
fungi; polysaccharide cell wall
5. E) archaea;
protein cell wall
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Eukaryotic Cell Walls and Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.30
30) Which of the following statements concerning endocytosis is
TRUE?
1. A)
This process occurs in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
2. B)
Phagocytosis is a type of endocytosis in which liquids are brought into the
cell.
3. C)
Endocytosis produces a structure called a food vesicle.
4. D)
Waste products and secretions are exported from the cell during endocytosis.
5. E) Endocytosis
is a form of passive transport.
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Eukaryotic Cell Walls and Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.32
31) Which of the following is NOT a function of the eukaryotic
cytoskeleton?
1. A) anchors
organelles
2. B)
gives shape to the cell
3. C)
packages cellular secretions
4. D)
performs endocytosis
5. E)
aids in contraction of the cell
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Cytoplasm of Eukaryotes
Learning Outcome: 3.39
32) The accumulation of glucose 6-phosphate inside a bacterial
cell via phosphorylation of glucose is an example of
1. A)
facilitated diffusion.
2. B)
group translocation.
3. C)
osmosis.
4. D)
plasmolysis.
5. E)
diffusion.
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Section: Bacterial Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.16
33) What types of molecules may NOT need transport proteins to
be able to cross cytoplasmic membranes?
1. A)
large molecules
2. B)
ions
3. C)
small hydrophobic molecules
4. D)
small hydrophilic molecules
5. E)
nothing crosses cytoplasmic membranes without transport proteins
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Section: Bacterial Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.15
34) Which of the following processes requires a channel protein?
1. A)
diffusion only
2. B)
facilitated diffusion only
3. C)
active transport only
4. D)
endocytosis only
5. E)
both facilitated diffusion and active transport
Answer: E
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Eukaryotic Cell Walls and Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.16
35) Which of the following chemical substances contributes to
the unique characteristics of acid-fast bacteria?
1. A)
N-acetylglucosamine
2. B)
peptidoglycan
3. C)
lipoteichoic acid
4. D)
endotoxin
5. E)
mycolic acid
Answer: E
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Section: Bacterial Cell Walls
Learning Outcome: 3.11
36) The cytoplasmic membranes of ________ may contain branched
hydrocarbons.
1. A)
archaeal cells
2. B)
bacterial cells
3. C)
eukaryotic cells
4. D)
both bacterial and eukaryotic cells
5. E)
archaeal, bacterial, and eukaryotic cells
Answer: A
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Eukaryotic Cell Walls and Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.28
37) Membrane rafts are found in the cytoplasmic membranes of
1. A)
archaea only.
2. B)
bacteria only.
3. C)
eukaryotes only.
4. D) both
archaea and bacteria.
5. E)
both archaea and eukaryotes.
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Eukaryotic Cell Walls and Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.31
38) Endocytosis and exocytosis are means of transport used by
1. A)
bacteria.
2. B)
eukaryotes.
3. C)
archaea.
4. D)
all prokaryotes.
5. E)
nothing; no cells use both processes.
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Eukaryotic Cell Walls and Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.32
39) Some ________ use group translocation as a means of
transport.
1. A)
eukaryotes
2. B)
bacteria
3. C)
archaea
4. D)
protozoa
5. E)
eukaryotes and prokaryotes
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Bacterial Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.16
40) Cholesterols are typically found in ________ cytoplasmic
membranes.
1. A)
eukaryotic
2. B)
bacterial
3. C)
archaeal
4. D)
prokaryotic
5. E)
both eukaryotic and prokaryotic
Answer: A
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Eukaryotic Cell Walls and Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.31
41) The cell walls of some ________ are composed of minerals
such as calcium carbonate.
1. A)
archaea
2. B)
bacteria
3. C)
algae
4. D)
fungi
5. E)
bacteria and fungi
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Eukaryotic Cell Walls and Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.31
42) Cytoplasmic membranes of ________ are composed of unbranched
phospholipids.
1. A)
bacteria
2. B)
eukaryotes
3. C)
archaea
4. D)
prokaryotes
5. E)
bacteria and eukaryotes
Answer: E
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Section: Eukaryotic Cell Walls and Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.31
43) Which of the following contribute to the ability of archaea
to survive in extreme environments?
1. A)
branched hydrocarbons with ether linkages
2. B)
phospholipids with monounsaturated fatty acids
3. C)
hopanoids
4. D)
glycerols
5. E)
both hopanoids and glycerols
Answer: A
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Section: Archaeal Cell Walls and Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.28
44) ________ may have pili.
1. A)
Eukaryotes
2. B)
Archaea
3. C)
Bacteria
4. D)
Prokaryotes
5. E)
Both eukaryotes and bacteria
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Section: External Structure of Eukaryotic Cells
Learning Outcome: 3.7, 3.30
45) Which of the following never have cell walls?
1. A)
algae
2. B)
animal cells
3. C)
archaea
4. D)
bacteria
5. E)
fungi
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Section: Eukaryotic Cell Walls and Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.31
46) Which of the following may have cell walls containing
teichoic acids?
1. A) Gram-negative
bacteria only
2. B)
Gram-positive bacteria only
3. C)
archaea
4. D)
both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
5. E)
all prokaryotes
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Archaeal Cell Walls and Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.11, 3.27
47)
What is the function of the cellular structure indicated by “c”
in Figure 3.2?
1. A)
provide shape only
2. B)
attach to surfaces only
3. C)
protect from dehydration only
4. D)
attach to surfaces and protect from dehydration
5. E)
serve as carbohydrate storage
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Section: External Structure of Bacterial Cells
Learning Outcome: 3.3
48) The endosymbiotic theory does NOT provide an explanation for
1. A)
the two membranes of the nuclear envelope.
2. B)
the presence of ribosomes in mitochondria.
3. C)
the presence of DNA in chloroplasts.
4. D)
the cristae in mitochondria.
5. E)
the double membrane of chloroplasts.
Answer: A
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Cytoplasm of Eukaryotes
Learning Outcome: 3.45
49) Which of the following prokaryotic cells contain an outer
membrane?
1. A)
Gram-negative bacteria only
2. B)
Gram-positive bacteria only
3. C)
both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
4. D)
archaea
5. E)
all prokaryotes
Answer: A
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Archaeal Cell Walls and Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.12
50)
What is the function of the cellular structure indicated by “m”
in Figure 3.3?
1. A)
ATP synthesis
2. B)
protein synthesis
3. C)
synthesis of lipids
4. D)
packaging of materials for export
5. E) cell
movement and mitosis
Answer: E
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Section: Cytoplasm of Eukaryotes
Learning Outcome: 3.39
3.2 True/False Questions
1) Chloroplasts use light energy to produce ATP and
carbohydrates.
Answer: TRUE
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Section: Cytoplasm of Eukaryotes
Learning Outcome: 3.42
2) Peroxisomes contain enzymes used to digest nutrients that
have been brought into the cell through phagocytosis.
Answer: FALSE
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Cytoplasm of Eukaryotes
Learning Outcome: 3.42
3) Bacterial protein synthesis can begin before the reading of
the gene is complete.
Answer: TRUE
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Section: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells: An Overview
Learning Outcome: 3.2
4) Archaea are similar to bacteria in having cytoplasmic
membrane that are composed of phospholipids and hopanoids.
Answer: FALSE
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Archaeal Cell Walls and Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.28
5)
The processes illustrated in Figure 3.4 are driven by
electrochemical gradients.
Answer: TRUE
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Bacterial Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.16
6) Eukaryotic ribosomes are composed of 50S and 30S subunits.
Answer: FALSE
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Cytoplasm of Eukaryotes
Learning Outcome: 3.39
7) Lysosomes result from the endocytosis of food particles by
eukaryotic cells.
Answer: FALSE
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Cytoplasm of Eukaryotes
Learning Outcome: 3.42
8) The presence of a glycocalyx contributes to bacteria’s
ability to cause disease.
Answer: TRUE
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: External Structure of Bacterial Cells
Learning Outcome: 3.3
9) Chromatin is composed of DNA and special packaging proteins
called hopanoids.
Answer: FALSE
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Cytoplasm of Eukaryotes
Learning Outcome: 3.42
10)
The short structures on the surface of the cell in Figure 3.5 are
pili.
Answer: FALSE
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: External Structure of Bacterial Cells
Learning Outcome: 3.7
3.3 Short Answer Questions
1) In a(n) (hypertonic/isotonic/hypotonic) solution, an animal
cell can gain so much water that it may burst.
Answer: hypotonic
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Bacterial Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.16
2) The presence of a cell (wall/membrane) enables bacterial and
plant cells to resist the effects of hypotonic solutions.
Answer: wall
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: Bacterial Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.16
3) A higher concentration of solutes corresponds to a
(higher/lower) concentration of water in a given solution.
Answer: lower
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Section: Bacterial Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.17
4) A(n) (symport/antiport/uniport) is a carrier protein that
transports two substances in the same direction across a membrane.
Answer: symport
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Section: Bacterial Cytoplasmic Membranes
Learning Outcome: 3.16
5) The “run” in bacterial motility is the result of
(clockwise/counterclockwise/whiplike) rotation of the flagella.
Answer: counterclockwise
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: External Structure of Bacterial Cells
Learning Outcome: 3.5
6) The reserve deposits of starch or other compounds found in
many prokaryotic cells are called (vacuoles/inclusions/nucleoid).
Answer: inclusions
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Section: Cytoplasm of Bacteria
Learning Outcome: 3.19
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