Personality Psychology 1st Canadian Edition by Randy J. Larsen – Test Bank
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Sample Test
Chapter 03
Traits and Trait Taxonomies
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which
of the following is NOT a major question addressed by the dispositional domain?
A.How many traits exist?
B. How do traits interact with situations to produce behaviour?
C. How can we best measure traits?
D. Which
traits are unconscious?
Topic: 03-01 What Is a Trait? Two Basic Formulations
Topic: 03-09
Identification of the Most Important Traits
2. The
dispositional domain deals with personality problems
A.through psychoanalysis.
B. through cognitive therapy.
C. by
examining important similarities and differences between people.
D. by altering reward and punishment contingencies.
Topic: 03-05 Traits as Purely Descriptive Summaries
3. The
dispositional domain focuses on traits that
A.are
enduring over time.
B. change over time.
C. change when situations change.
D. are similar in all people.
Topic: 03-07 Act Frequency Research Program
4. Which
of the following is NOT a fundamental question of people who study traits?
A.How
can traits be changed?
B. How should “trait” be defined?
C. How can we identify which traits are most important?
D. How can we develop a comprehensive taxonomy of traits?
Topic: 03-01 What Is a Trait? Two Basic Formulations
Topic: 03-09
Identification of the Most Important Traits
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of
Personality
5. The
“traits as causes” perspective on personality characteristics is useful in all of
the following areas EXCEPT
A.ruling out alternative explanations for behaviour.
B. explaining why a person’s behaviour seems inconsistent with a trait at
times.
C. viewing traits as internal structures.
D. counting
how often a behaviour is performed.
Topic: 03-01 What Is a Trait? Two Basic Formulations
Topic: 03-02 Traits as
Internal Causal Properties
6. Ellen
works into the night studying for chemistry and biology examinations to reach
her goal of entering medical school. She studies so hard that she often appears
bored and uninterested in class. Which of the following trait formulations best
explains Ellen’s personality characteristics?
A.Traits
as internal causes.
B. Traits as purely descriptive summary.
C. Traits as biological structure.
D. Traits as genetic predisposition.
Topic: 03-01 What Is a Trait? Two Basic Formulations
Topic: 03-02 Traits as
Internal Causal Properties
7. From
the “traits as descriptive summaries” point of view, which of the following
would be the most convincing evidence that a person has a given trait?
A.The
person behaves in ways consistent with that trait.
B. The person says that they have the trait.
C. The person’s behaviour is caused by situations.
D. The person’s traits are caused by biology and heredity.
Topic: 03-01 What Is a Trait? Two Basic Formulations
Topic: 03-05 Traits as
Purely Descriptive Summaries
8. If
the trait of stinginess is viewed as a purely descriptive summary of behaviour,
it can be represented best by
A.Mary’s constant thoughts about spending too much money.
B. Andrew always leaving a very small tip at restaurants.
C. Beth
living with several roommates.
D. George not contributing for a gift for a stranger.
Topic: 03-01 What Is a Trait? Two Basic Formulations
Topic: 03-05 Traits as
Purely Descriptive Summaries
9. Which
of the following is an example of the view that traits are descriptive
summaries?
A.Eysenck’s theory
B. Theoretical scale construction
C. The
act frequency approach
D. The sociosexual orientation scale
Topic: 03-01 What Is a Trait? Two Basic Formulations
Topic: 03-05 Traits as
Purely Descriptive Summaries
10.
If you collect the central behaviours for a category and assess
how frequently people perform those behaviours you would be using the act _____
approach to studying personality.
A.manipulation
B. selection
C. frequency
D. analysis
Topic: 03-06 The Act Frequency Formulation of Traits-An
Illustration of the Descriptive Summary Formulation
11.
A robin is a more _____ example of bird than is a penguin.
A.prototypical
B. aerodynamic
C. orthodontic
D. elemental
Topic: 03-06 The Act Frequency Formulation of Traits-An
Illustration of the Descriptive Summary Formulation
Topic: 03-07 Act Frequency
Research Program
12.
The “frequency” part of the “act frequency approach” represents
how often an individual performs a behaviour in a period of time. This element
of the act frequency approach is assessed by act _____ ratings.
A.nomination
B. performance
C. occurrence
D. repetition
Topic: 03-06 The Act Frequency Formulation of Traits-An
Illustration of the Descriptive Summary Formulation
Topic: 03-07 Act Frequency
Research Program
13.
The _____ identifies how much of a trait a person has by
counting relevant behaviours.
A.circumplex model
B. act
frequency approach
C. rational approach to scale construction
D. theoretical approach to scale construction
Topic: 03-06 The Act Frequency Formulation of Traits-An
Illustration of the Descriptive Summary Formulation
Topic: 03-07 Act Frequency
Research Program
14.
Which of the following is NOT typically a step in the act
frequency approach?
A.Act nominations
B. Assessing
synonym frequency
C. Recording of act performance
D. Prototypicality judgments
Topic: 03-06 The Act Frequency Formulation of Traits-An
Illustration of the Descriptive Summary Formulation
Topic: 03-07 Act Frequency
Research Program
15.
What procedure do researchers use to identify the potential
hundreds of acts that belong to a trait category?
A.Act
nominations
B. Act effectiveness
C. Act performance
D. Act likelihood
Topic: 03-06 The Act Frequency Formulation of Traits-An
Illustration of the Descriptive Summary Formulation
Topic: 03-07 Act Frequency
Research Program
16.
Roberto is interested in studying the trait of empathy using the
act frequency approach. He asks each of the participants in this phase of his
study to write down several behaviours highly empathetic people might perform.
Roberto collects a pool of 251 empathetic acts. This is called the act _____
procedure of the act frequency approach.
A.nominalization
B. nomenclature
C. nomination
D. nomonthetic
Topic: 03-06 The Act Frequency Formulation of Traits-An
Illustration of the Descriptive Summary Formulation
Topic: 03-07 Act Frequency
Research Program
17.
_____ used by the act frequency approach to figure out which
acts are most central to a trait category.
A.Act nominations are
B. Assessing synonym frequency is
C. Recording of act performance is
D. Prototypicality
judgments are
Topic: 03-06 The Act Frequency Formulation of Traits-An
Illustration of the Descriptive Summary Formulation
Topic: 03-07 Act Frequency
Research Program
18.
If the act “she made direct eye contact and smiled” is central
to the category of flirting, it would be considered a(n) _____ act for that
category of behaviour.
A.effective
B. likely
C. prototypical
D. centrifugal
Topic: 03-06 The Act Frequency Formulation of Traits-An
Illustration of the Descriptive Summary Formulation
Topic: 03-07 Act Frequency
Research Program
19.
Which of the following is NOT one of the criticisms of the act
frequency approach to studying personality?
A.The amount of context for the performance of acts is not specified by the act
frequency approach.
B. The act frequency approach does not assess acts that are covert or
directly observable.
C. The
act frequency approach assesses explicit behavioural phenomenon.
D. The act frequency approach may not assess complex traits easily or
accurately.
Topic: 03-06 The Act Frequency Formulation of Traits-An
Illustration of the Descriptive Summary Formulation
Topic: 03-08 Evaluation of
the Act Frequency Formulation
20.
The approach that uses natural language to identify important
traits is the _____ approach.
A.lexical
B. theoretical
C. statistical
D. act frequency
Topic: 03-09 Identification of the Most Important Traits
Topic: 03-10 Lexical
Approach
21.
The idea that all important individual differences have been
encoded within the natural language is know as
A.the
lexical hypothesis.
B. the projective hypothesis.
C. factor analysis.
D. a personality taxonomy.
Topic: 03-09 Identification of the Most Important Traits
Topic: 03-10 Lexical
Approach
22.
The lexical approach assumes that
A.the lexicon is an unchanging catalog of human traits.
B. humans
invented words to describe all of the important personality traits.
C. statistical techniques, like factor analysis, are poor ways of
discovering important personality traits.
D. new words in the lexicon are better at describing personality traits
than old words.
Topic: 03-09 Identification of the Most Important Traits
Topic: 03-10 Lexical
Approach
23.
Dr. Larsen is interested in researching the personalities of
dweebs. He collects all the terms in the Dweeb Talk Dictionary that can
differentiate one dweeb from another dweeb. Dr. Larsen is the using the ______
approach to identifying important traits.
A.maniacal
B. statistical
C. prototypical
D. lexical
Topic: 03-09 Identification of the Most Important Traits
Topic: 03-10 Lexical
Approach
24.
If a trait-descriptive word is found in only one or two
languages the word
A.will probably be imported by other languages.
B. will probably be important to a universal personality taxonomy.
C. will
probably not be included in a universal personality taxonomy.
D. is probably known only to personality psychologists.
Topic: 03-09 Identification of the Most Important Traits
Topic: 03-10 Lexical
Approach
25.
Which of the following would be one way that you might determine
the importance of a trait using the lexical strategy?
A.Find
the number of synonyms for that characteristic in the lexicon.
B. Determine if that trait is represented in all parts of the lexicon
(noun, verb, adjective, etc.).
C. Examine the lexicon for biological words that represent that trait.
D. Determine if there are words representing each pole (end) of that trait
in the language.
Topic: 03-09 Identification of the Most Important Traits
Topic: 03-10 Lexical
Approach
26.
Which approach would most likely be used to undertake
cross-cultural comparisons of language?
A.Lexical
approach
B. Theoretical approach
C. Statistical approach
D. Act frequency approach
Topic: 03-09 Identification of the Most Important Traits
Topic: 03-10 Lexical
Approach
27.
If a trait is sufficiently important that it appears in the
lexicon of most human languages, then that trait demonstrates the concept of
_____ universality.
A.act
B. cross-cultural
C. trait
D. synonym
Topic: 03-09 Identification of the Most Important Traits
Topic: 03-10 Lexical
Approach
28.
The idea that Eskimo language has many words for snow is most
consistent with the _____ approach.
A.lexical
B. theoretical
C. statistical
D. act frequency
Topic: 03-09 Identification of the Most Important Traits
Topic: 03-10 Lexical
Approach
29.
The fact that there are trait-descriptive adjectives that few
people know is a problem for the _____ approach.
A.lexical
B. theoretical
C. statistical
D. act frequency
Topic: 03-09 Identification of the Most Important Traits
Topic: 03-10 Lexical
Approach
30.
Which of the following approaches would utilize the technique of
factor analysis?
A.Lexical approach
B. Theoretical approach
C. Statistical
approach
D. Act frequency approach
Topic: 03-09 Identification of the Most Important Traits
Topic: 03-11 Statistical
Approach
31.
When Cattell used factor analysis to reduce the number of trait
descriptive adjectives in his pool, he was combining the _____ approaches.
A.lexical
and statistical
B. theoretical and statistical
C. act frequency and statistical
D. theoretical and act frequency
Topic: 03-09 Identification of the Most Important Traits
Topic: 03-10 Lexical
Approach
Topic: 03-11 Statistical
Approach
32.
Factor analysis can be applied to
A.adjective ratings.
B. a true/false questionnaire.
C. self-ratings on personality relevant statements.
D. all
of these choices.
Topic: 03-09 Identification of the Most Important Traits
Topic: 03-11 Statistical
Approach
33.
_____ is a statistical approach that identifies groups of items
that are similar to each other.
A.Orthogonality
B. Factor
analysis
C. The act frequency approach
D. Rational scale construction
Topic: 03-09 Identification of the Most Important Traits
Topic: 03-11 Statistical
Approach
34.
Factor loadings indicate the _____ between an item and a factor.
A.correlation
B. deviation
C. analysis
D. kurtosis
Topic: 03-09 Identification of the Most Important Traits
Topic: 03-11 Statistical
Approach
35.
Which of the following is useful in reducing the number of
personality traits to a more manageable number?
A.Synonym frequency
B. The act frequency approach
C. Factor
analysis
D. Cross-cultural universality
Topic: 03-09 Identification of the Most Important Traits
Topic: 03-11 Statistical
Approach
36.
A problem with factor analysis is that
A.it leads to an unmanageable number of traits.
B. you
can only identify traits that you include in your analysis.
C. factor loadings are like correlations.
D. it reduces the number of traits being studied.
Topic: 03-09 Identification of the Most Important Traits
Topic: 03-11 Statistical
Approach
37.
A researcher who defines a specific set of traits as a part of a
model of personality before conducting any empirical investigation of that
model of personality is taking the _____ approach to theory development.
A.lexical
B. theoretical
C. statistical
D. empirical
Topic: 03-09 Identification of the Most Important Traits
Topic: 03-12 Theoretical
Approach
38.
Psychologists Simpson and Gangestad developed the concept of
sociosexuality based on evolutionary theory. Then they developed the
sociosexual orientation inventory. They employed the _____ approach to
developing a model of personality.
A.lexical
B. theoretical
C. statistical
D. act frequency
Topic: 03-09 Identification of the Most Important Traits
Topic: 03-12 Theoretical
Approach
39.
Fred believes that the having a large big toe is related to how
extraverted a person may be and having a large small toe is an indicator of how
conscientious a person may be. He then starts measuring toe size and
personality traits. Fred’s research represents the _____ approach to studying
personality.
A.act frequency
B. lexical
C. statistical
D. theoretical
Topic: 03-09 Identification of the Most Important Traits
Topic: 03-12 Theoretical
Approach
40.
A Freudian scholar develops personality measures to assess oral,
anal, and phallic fixations. The scholar is using the _____ approach to
identifying important individual differences.
A.psychoanalytic
B. theoretical
C. regressive
D. clinical
Topic: 03-09 Identification of the Most Important Traits
Topic: 03-12 Theoretical
Approach
41.
Which of the following is a criticism of the theoretical
approach?
A.The
approach can only be as good as the theory.
B. It is theoretically based.
C. It depends on the lexical hypothesis.
D. It has restricted investigations to adjectives.
Topic: 03-09 Identification of the Most Important Traits
Topic: 03-12 Theoretical
Approach
42.
Which of the following researchers was born in Germany and
wanted to study physics before studying psychology?
A.Cattell
B. Wiggins
C. Eysenck
D. Leary
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-15 Eysenck’s
Hierarchical Model of Personality
43.
Whose model of personality includes three main traits?
A.Cattell
B. Wiggins
C. Eysenck
D. Leary
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-15 Eysenck’s
Hierarchical Model of Personality
44.
Which taxonomy was developed by identifying traits that were
thought to be heritable and thought to have biological substrates?
A.PEN
model
B. Cattell’s taxonomy of 16 traits
C. The Leary circumplex
D. The five factor model
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-15 Eysenck’s
Hierarchical Model of Personality
45.
A worrier would likely score high on the trait of
A.extraversion.
B. neuroticism.
C. psychoticism.
D. quarrelsomeness.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-15 Eysenck’s
Hierarchical Model of Personality
46.
Juanita is observed as being somewhat aloof and distant. She
tends to lead a predictable and well-organized life. Juanita is demonstrating
behaviours related to Eysenck’s dimension of
A.introversion.
B. conscientiousness.
C. agency.
D. psychoticism.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-15 Eysenck’s
Hierarchical Model of Personality
47.
Fu is an excessive worrier, who always seems tense and has
trouble sleeping. His friends report that Fu has very low self-esteem and is
moody much of the time. Fu is demonstrating behaviours related to Eysenck’s
dimension of
A.introversion.
B. quarrelsomeness.
C. psychoticism.
D. neuroticism.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-15 Eysenck’s
Hierarchical Model of Personality
48.
A person who is antisocial and lacks empathy would score high on
the trait of
A.extraversion.
B. neuroticism.
C. psychoticism.
D. introversion
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-15 Eysenck’s
Hierarchical Model of Personality
49.
Jerry is a loner who likes to catch flies and pull their wings
off. He is also addicted to violent movies. Jerry most likely scores high on
the personality trait of
A.introversion.
B. psychoticism.
C. sensation seeking.
D. neuroticism.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-15 Eysenck’s
Hierarchical Model of Personality
50.
Which taxonomy includes a four-level hierarchy of specific acts,
habitual acts, traits, and super traits?
A.The
PEN model
B. Cattell’s taxonomy of 16 traits
C. The Leary circumplex
D. The five-factor model
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-15 Eysenck’s
Hierarchical Model of Personality
51.
Eysenck put the most important traits at
A.the
top of his hierarchy.
B. the bottom of his hierarchy.
C. an intermediate level in his hierarchy.
D. the third level of his hierarchy.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-15 Eysenck’s
Hierarchical Model of Personality
52.
Which of the following is NOT an attribute of Eysenck’s
taxonomy?
A.Hierarchical structure.
B. Traits are heritable.
C. Traits
have many synonyms.
D. Traits have physiological substrates.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-15 Eysenck’s
Hierarchical Model of Personality
53.
According to Eysenck, which of the following traits is related
to central nervous system arousal and reactivity?
A.Extraversion
B. Neuroticism
C. Psychoticism
D. Dominance
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-15 Eysenck’s
Hierarchical Model of Personality
54.
Eysenck’s taxonomy has been criticized on which one of these
issues?
A.The traits in Eysenck’s model are not heritable in the population.
B. Eysenck
failed to include some important personality traits in his model.
C. Eysenck did not take the physiological substrates of traits into
consideration in his model.
D. There is a dispute about whether or not personality traits are arranged
hierarchically.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-15 Eysenck’s
Hierarchical Model of Personality
55.
Which of the following psychologists was born in England, moved
to America, and used factor analysis to identify major traits?
A.Cattell
B. Wiggins
C. Eysenck
D. Leary
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-16 Cattell’s
Taxonomy: The 16 Personality Factor System
56.
Which personality researcher named his traits with letters
(similar to the way vitamins are named)?
A.Cattell
B. Wiggins
C. Eysenck
D. Leary
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-16 Cattell’s
Taxonomy: The 16 Personality Factor System
57.
Cattell’s taxonomy included _____ traits.
A.two
B. three
C. five
D. 16
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-16 Cattell’s
Taxonomy: The 16 Personality Factor System
58.
Cattell believed that the true factors of personality were
A.based primarily in human biology.
B. found
across different sources of data.
C. arranged in a circumplex.
D. found only in the natural language.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-16 Cattell’s
Taxonomy: The 16 Personality Factor System
59.
Cattell’s model of personality has been criticized on the
grounds that
A.he published over a thousand pages a year during his most productive years.
B. his empirical strategies were weak and ill-defined.
C. his
model of personality has failed to be replicated by other researchers.
D. his views on personality traits were biased and, therefore, were ignored
by most researchers.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-16 Cattell’s
Taxonomy: The 16 Personality Factor System
60.
Who of the following was the first to propose a circumplex model
of personality?
A.Cattell
B. Wiggins
C. Eysenck
D. Leary
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-17 Circumplex
Taxonomies of Personality
61.
_____ are traits that describe how people act with other people.
A.Factor loadings
B. Adjacent traits
C. Bipolar traits
D. Interpersonal
traits
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-17 Circumplex
Taxonomies of Personality
62.
Circumplex models are composed of _____ primary dimensions of
personality.
A.two
B. three
C. five
D. eight
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-17 Circumplex
Taxonomies of Personality
63.
The primary dimensions in Wiggins’s circumplex model are love
and
A.hate.
B. dominance.
C. interpersonal behaviour.
D. neuroticism.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-17 Circumplex
Taxonomies of Personality
64.
Wiggins’ circumplex model of personality is limited to traits
that
A.have a biological basis in the nervous system.
B. pertain
to what people do to and with each other.
C. show how people interact with the environment.
D. were found in the LSD experiences of subjects.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-17 Circumplex
Taxonomies of Personality
65.
Which of the following is NOT a clear advantage of Wiggins’s
circumplex model of personality?
A.The relationship of each and every other trait is specified in the model.
B. There is an explicit definition of the nature of interpersonal
behaviour.
C. It alerts researchers to gaps in knowledge about some interpersonal
behaviours.
D. The
relationships between traits can be traced to biological-based traits.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-17 Circumplex
Taxonomies of Personality
66.
The concept of _____ holds that items near one another in a
circumplex are positively correlated.
A.adjacency
B. bipolarity
C. orthogonality
D. factor loadings
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-17 Circumplex
Taxonomies of Personality
67.
In Wiggins’ model of personality, bipolar traits are
A.related to clinical disorders.
B. uncorrelated with other.
C. on
opposite sides of the circle.
D. orthogonal with each other.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-17 Circumplex
Taxonomies of Personality
68.
Traits that are orthogonal _____ with each other.
A.are
not correlated
B. have a strong positive correlation
C. have a negative correlation
D. are causally linked
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-17 Circumplex
Taxonomies of Personality
69.
_____ describes the relationship between traits that are
perpendicular to one another in a circumplex.
A.”Adjacency”
B. “Bipolarity”
C. “Orthogonality”
D. “Polarity”
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-17 Circumplex
Taxonomies of Personality
70.
In Wiggins’ circumplex, the traits of dominance and
warmth-agreeableness are
A.adjacent.
B. bipolar.
C. orthogonal.
D. polar opposites.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-17 Circumplex
Taxonomies of Personality
71.
Which of the following is NOT a strength of the Wiggins
interpersonal circumplex?
A.It identifies new areas of research by mapping the interpersonal domain.
B. It
includes all the traits needed to understand interpersonal behaviour.
C. It specifies the relationships between items in the circumplex.
D. It explicitly defines what interpersonal behaviour is.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-17 Circumplex
Taxonomies of Personality
72.
More research in the past few decades has focused on this
taxonomy than other taxonomies.
A.PEN model
B. Cattell’s taxonomy of 16 traits
C. The Leary circumplex
D. The
five factor model
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-18 Five-Factor
Model
73.
The five-factor model is a combination of __________ approaches
to studying personality taxonomies.
A.lexical
and statistical
B. lexical and biological
C. theoretical and statistical
D. statistical and causal
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-18 Five-Factor
Model
74.
Where did Allport and Odbert locate 17,953 trait terms?
A.Act nominations
B. Self reports
C. Dictionary
D. Peer ratings
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-18 Five-Factor
Model
75.
Which one of the following is NOT one of the four categories
into which Allport and Odbert divided the 17,953 trait terms?
A.Stable traits
B. Unstable
traits
C. Temporary states
D. Social evaluations
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-18 Five-Factor
Model
76.
Who took the Allport and Odbert list of trait terms and grouped
them logically into 171 clusters of terms by grouping them together and
eliminating some terms?
A.Cattell
B. Fiske
C. Norman
D. Christal
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-16 Cattell’s
Taxonomy: The 16 Personality Factor System
Topic: 03-18 Five-Factor
Model
77.
The first researcher to discover the five factor model of
personality by analyzing the structure of trait descriptive adjective was
A.Cattell.
B. Allport.
C. Fiske.
D. Tupes.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-18 Five-Factor
Model
78.
Researchers have found empirical evidence for the five-factor
model in all of these ways EXCEPT
A.similar factor structures for men and women.
B. different factor analytic techniques.
C. extensively in English-speaking samples.
D. in
five robust biological structures.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-18 Five-Factor
Model
79.
The five-factor model of personality consists of these five
traits:
A.surgency, sensation seeking, conscientious, psychoticism, and
openness-intellect.
B. extraversion, surgency, agreeableness, intellect, and dominance.
C. psychoticism, extraversion, neuroticism, agreeableness, and openness-intellect.
D. surgency,
agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness-intellect.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-18 Five-Factor
Model
80.
A problem with the five-factor model is that
A.the five factors are only found in males.
B. the structure does not replicate across item formats.
C. researchers
disagree about what to call the fifth factor.
D. most factors do not replicate across cultures.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-18 Five-Factor
Model
81.
In the five-factor model, the fifth factor is NOT called
A.intellect.
B. openness.
C. openness-intellect.
D. surgency.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-18 Five-Factor
Model
82.
What is one of the reasons that researchers have had trouble agreeing
about the nature of the fifth factor of the five-factor model of personality?
A.Cross-cultural researchers have been unable to study the fifth factor across
many languages.
B. Different
researchers use different item pools in the factor analysis of big five data.
C. Researchers using questionnaire items favor “openness to experience” as
the trait label.
D. Researchers using trait descriptive adjectives favor “intellect” as the
trait label.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-18 Five-Factor
Model
83.
In five-factor models of personality, an alternative way to
refer to low neuroticism is
A.low anxiety.
B. low emotional stability.
C. high anxiety.
D. high
emotional stability.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-18 Five-Factor Model
84.
In five-factor models of personality, surgency is another name
for
A.introversion
B. extraversion
C. agreeableness
D. openness
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-18 Five-Factor
Model
85.
A person who is good natured and cooperative would score high on
the trait of
A.surgency.
B. agreeableness.
C. conscientiousness.
D. emotional stability.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-18 Five-Factor
Model
86.
A person who is responsible and tidy would score high on the
trait of
A.surgency.
B. agreeableness.
C. conscientiousness.
D. emotional stability.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-18 Five-Factor
Model
87.
According to the textbook, one reason that people high in
neuroticism may underperform in the workplace is
A.their
experience of greater emotional fatigue and burnout.
B. their tendency to feel guilty on the job.
C. their difficulty in overcoming obstacles.
D. their poor interpersonal skills.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-18 Five-Factor
Model
88.
A person who engages in risky sexual behaviour would have this
combination of five factor traits:
A.high
neuroticism, low conscientious, and low agreeableness.
B. high extraversion, low conscientiousness, and moderate emotional
stability.
C. high extraversion, high openness to experience, and low
conscientiousness.
D. high neuroticism, low intellect, and low extraversion.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-18 Five-Factor
Model
89.
A person who tends to happy and experience positive affect in
life would have this combination of five factor traits:
A.high conscientious and high agreeableness.
B. high extraversion and high agreeableness.
C. high
extraversion and low neuroticism.
D. high intellect and low neuroticism.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-18 Five-Factor
Model
90.
Disordered eating behaviours, including anorexic and bulimic
tendencies, is associated with what combination of traits?
A.low neuroticism and low extraversion
B. high neuroticism and high extraversion
C. low neuroticism and high extraversion
D. high
neuroticism and low extraversion
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-18 Five-Factor
Model
91.
The five-factor model has been criticized because
A.it lacks a research tradition.
B. it
may not include some important traits.
C. it lacks circumplex structure.
D. most factors do not replicate across cultures.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-18 Five-Factor
Model
92.
Proponents of the five factor model have not included more traits
A.as they are unwilling to go beyond five traits.
B. as additional traits lack a theoretical basis.
C. as
they see the newly proposed traits as already included in the “big five.”
D. as no one has suggested additional traits.
Topic: 03-14 Taxonomies of Personality
Topic: 03-18 Five-Factor
Model
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