Our Society Human Diversity in Canada 4th Edition By Paul Angelini – Test Bank
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CHAPTER 4
Race and Ethnicity: The Obvious Diversity
Paul U. Angelini and Michelle Broderick
CHAPTER SUMMARY
From its very beginnings, Canada has been a multicultural and
multiracial society. People arrived from all parts of the world and from all
walks of life. Analyzing Canadian immigration history is essential for a
complete understanding of this fact. There are five identifiable stages to the
history of Canadian immigration. Each stage is characterized by at least one
crucial feature.
Stage 1 (beginnings to 1901) is characterized by a large influx
of German, Dutch and Scandinavian immigrants. The arrival of United Empire
Loyalists (with their slaves), fugitive slaves and free people of colour is
another crucial feature of this stage.
Stage 2 (1880–1918) is referred to as the “mightiest movement of
people in modern history.” Europeans were leaving Europe en masse. More than 3
million people arrived in Canada, principally from the United Kingdom (1.25
million), the United States (1 million) and Central and Eastern Europe. Another
important feature is the imposition of the head tax on Chinese immigrants and the
introduction of the “direct passage” stipulation for East Indian immigrants.
In Stage 3 (1918–1945) Canada (and the United States) began to
put restrictions on immigration. Canada made lists of countries that were
“preferred” or “nonpreferred.” This stage also saw the campaign against
Japanese and Chinese immigrants known as the campaign against the “Yellow
Peril.”
Stage 4 (1945–1974) is recognized as being the most prolonged
period of immigration in Canadian history. Immigrants arriving during these
years were the most diverse in terms of social class, ethnicity and occupation.
Today, we are still in the midst of Stage 5 (1975–?). The
dominant feature of this stage is the arrival of people from the developing
world whose skin colour in not white. The most reported origins of immigrants
are East Indian, Chinese, Sri Lankan, and Filipino. The events of 9/11 have
added another feature to this stage: the rise and use of racial profiling.
There are three dominant sociological theories that attempt to
explain the trials and tribulations of ethnic and race relations in Canada:
conflict theory, symbolic interactionism, and structural–functionalism. They
are mutually exclusive theories, and students must understand that choosing
more than one to explain ethnic and race relations in Canada is not an option.
Multiculturalism has come to mean different things to both newly arrived
Canadians and those who have been in Canada for many generations.
Chapter 4 Race and Ethnicity: The Obvious Diversity
TEST BANK QUESTIONS
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which
phase of Canadian immigration coincided with the mightiest movement of people
in modern history?
|
a. |
stage 1 |
|
b. |
stage 2 |
|
c. |
stage 3 |
|
d. |
stage 4 |
ANS: B
REF: p. 96
2. The
dominant feature of immigration to Canada since 1975 has been the number of
people arriving from which region?
|
a. |
Antarctica |
|
b. |
Western Europe |
|
c. |
The United States |
|
d. |
The developing world |
ANS: D
REF: p. 101
3. What
was the largest number of immigrants to arrive in Canada in any one year?
|
a. |
150 000 in 1911 |
|
|
b. |
200 000 in 1912 |
|
|
c. |
250 000 in 1914 |
|
|
d. |
400 000 in 1913 |
|
ANS: D
REF: p. 98
4. Black
people comprised what percentage of United Empire Loyalists who came to Canada
after the American Revolution?
|
a. |
5 |
|
b. |
10 |
|
c. |
15 |
|
d. |
20 |
ANS: B
REF: p. 95
5. Which
component of group identity is considered to be essential?
|
a. |
Language |
|
b. |
Dress |
|
c. |
Hairstyle |
|
d. |
Music |
ANS: A
REF: p. 104
6. The
term “race” has which two separate meanings?
|
a. |
biological and
psychological |
|
b. |
sociological and
psychological |
|
c. |
biological and
sociopsychological |
|
d. |
sociological and biological |
ANS: D
REF: pp. 104-105
7. Which
element do conflict theorists assert is the key to understanding interaction in
society?
|
a. |
Education |
|
b. |
Multiculturalism |
|
c. |
Power |
|
d. |
Pluralism |
ANS: C
REF: p. 103
8. By
2017 the percentage of immigrants born in regions other than Europe will be?
(new question)
|
a. |
80.5 |
15 |
|
b. |
82.5 |
16 |
|
c. |
85.5 |
20 |
|
d. |
88.5 |
21 |
ANS: D
REF: p. 101
9. According
to the textbook, what are the two specific types of discrimination?
|
a. |
group and institutional |
|
b. |
group and individual |
|
c. |
institutional and
individual |
|
d. |
institutional and
structural |
ANS: C
REF: p. 109
10. In
what year did Parliament officially enact the Multiculturalism Act?
|
a. |
1985 |
|
b. |
1987 |
|
c. |
1988 |
|
d. |
1990 |
ANS: C
REF: p. 116
11. Multiculturalism
is commonly associated with which concept?
|
a. |
a melting pot |
|
b. |
a mosaic |
|
c. |
Assimilation |
|
d. |
symbolic interaction |
ANS: B
REF: p. 115
12. How
many variations are there to ethnocentrism?
|
a. |
2 |
|
b. |
3 |
|
c. |
4 |
|
d. |
5 |
ANS: A
REF: p. 112
13. Multiculturalism
is based on what ideology?
|
a. |
pluralism |
|
b. |
biculturalism |
|
c. |
democracy |
|
d. |
bilingualism |
ANS: A
REF: p. 115
14. Which
federal government Act pledges assistance “in bringing about equal access and
participation for all Canadians in the economic, social, cultural, and
political life of the nation”?
|
a. |
Charter of Rights and
Freedoms |
|
b. |
Multiculturalism Act 1988 |
|
c. |
Canada Act 1982 |
|
d. |
BNA Act 1867 |
ANS: B
REF: p. 116
15. Which
of the following terms best describes the act of prejudging people on the basis
of statements and beliefs that do not hold up to rational/critical scrutiny?
|
a. |
racism |
|
b. |
discrimination |
|
c. |
systemic discrimination |
|
d. |
prejudice |
ANS:
D
REF: p. 107
TRUE/FALSE
1. Slavery
did not exist in Canada.
ANS: F
REF: p. 95
2. The
dominant feature of immigration to Canada since 1975 has been the number of
people arriving from the developed world.
ANS: F
REF: p. 101
3. Language
is essential to the identity of any ethnic group.
ANS: T
REF: p. 104
4. Race
is not a major component of identity.
ANS: F
REF: p. 104
5. Stereotypes
are accurate generalizations about a group of people.
ANS: F
REF: p. 108
6. Pluralism
is the belief that ethnic diversity and conflict remain a central feature of
modern societies.
ANS: T
REF: p. 115
7. Prejudice
and discrimination cannot be held separately.
ANS: F
REF: pp. 107-110
8. There
are probably no pure races.
ANS: T
REF: p. 105
9. Racism
can be reflected in cultural symbols.
ANS: T
REF: p. 107
10. There
is a difference between multiculturalism as government policy and
multiculturalism as reality.
ANS: T
REF: pp. 116-117
SHORT ANSWER
1. Outline
the different theoretical approaches to race and ethnic relations in Canada.
ANS: Answers will vary
2. Outline
the many problems associated with using the term “race.” Be specific.
ANS: Answers will vary
3. What
are meant by the phrases “Yellow Peril “and “direct passage”?
ANS: Answers will vary
4. What
are the implications of accepting the ideology of pluralism? Provide an example
of each.
ANS: Answers will vary
5. Outline
the three (3) general goals of Canada’s Multiculturalism Act.
ANS: Answers will vary
ESSAY
1. Explain
what is meant by “multicultural tyranny” and the “tyranny of multiculturalism.”
Be specific. Provide examples for each.
ANS: Answers will vary
2. How
do the textbooks that you use relate to the ideas of the 1971 report
entitled Teaching
Prejudice? What are the similarities, if any? What are the
differences, if any? Are you satisfied with your present texts? Be specific.
ANS: Answers will vary
3. Describe
the difference between the biological and sociological meanings of race. Do you
believe such a distinction is necessary for a more complete understanding of
race and ethnic relations in Canada? Why? Be specific.
ANS: Answers will vary
4. Why
is the “brain gain “so important to Canada’s economic development and so
detrimental to Third World development? Be specific. Provide examples.
ANS: Answers will vary
5. Is
the administrative fee for newly arrived immigrants another form of the racist
head tax? Why? Why not?
ANS: Answers will vary.
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