Operations Management 5th Edition Canadian By William J. Stevenson – Test Bank

 

 

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Sample Questions

 

 

Chapter 04 Product Design

Student: ___________________________________________________________________________

1.	Phased reviews for new product projects are intended to delay changes until close to the launch of new products so all changes needed can be dealt with at the same time. True    False

 

2.	Core teams are teams of operations personnel that are empowered to plan and lead product development projects. True    False

 

3.	A structured development process involves use of project management techniques. True    False

 

4.	Production process design involves translating the “voice of the customer” into technical product or service specifications. True    False

 

5.	Designing production processes includes building prototypes of processes and revising the process if necessary. True    False

 

6.	Patents are the only means organizations have at their disposal to ensure they profit from their research and development efforts. True    False

 

7.	The process of dismantling and inspecting a competitor’s product to discover opportunities for product improvement is called prototyping. True    False

 

8.	The process of dismantling and inspecting a competitor’s product to discover opportunities for product improvement is called “reverse engineering”. True    False

 

9.	Basic research focuses on near-term commercial applications and is primarily carried out by business organizations. True    False

 

10.	Research and development refers to organized efforts that are directed toward increasing scientific knowledge and product or process innovation. True    False

 

11.	Internal research and development efforts are the primary source of ideas for new products for all business organizations. True    False

 

12.	Standardization is beneficial for manufactured products but not for computer software applications. True    False

 

13.	The basic need for a product and the rate of technological change significantly impact the length of time a particular product takes to pass through a given phase of the product life cycle. True    False

 

14.	A major factor in reducing costs and increasing reliability is the standardization of parts. True    False

 

15.	One of the main advantages of standardization is that it increases the potential variety of products. True    False

 

16.	A potential disadvantage of standardization is the possibility of obsolescence as a result of resisting modification to standardized parts or components. True    False

 

17.	Standardization refers to the extent to which there is absence of variety in a part or product. True    False

 

18.	Lack of standardization can at times lead to serious difficulties and competitive struggles, particularly when systems are incompatible. True    False

 

19.	Modular design is a form of standardization. True    False

 

20.	Modular design supports mass customization by enabling quick assembly of modules to provide customized configurations for individual customers. True    False

 

21.	An advantage of modular design is that product failures can be easier to diagnose and remedy than non-modular design. True    False

 

22.	Delayed differentiation and modular design are tactics for mass customization. True    False

 

23.	Robust design describes a product that will perform satisfactorily in a very narrow range of conditions. True    False

 

24.	The Taguchi approach to design involves determining the specification settings that will result in robust design in terms of product deterioration, manufacturing, and conditions of use. True    False

 

25.	Reliability refers to the ability of a product to perform its intended function under extreme, abnormal conditions. True    False

 

26.	The term failure as applied to reliability means that a part or item does not perform as intended. True    False

 

27.	The practice of designing products so that they can easily be taken apart after use is not consistent with Design for Environment (DFE), the term used to describe techniques used to incorporate environmental concerns. True    False

 

28.	Design for Environment (DFE) stipulates product packaging should be biodegradable rather than re-used. True    False

 

29.	Product liability means that a manufacturer is liable for any injuries or damages caused by a faulty product because of poor workmanship or design. True    False

 

30.	“Concurrent engineering” brings people concerned with manufacturing into the design phase earlier than in the “throw-over-the-wall” approach. True    False

 

31.	“Concurrent engineering” refers to having newly trained engineers involved in product design. True    False

 

32.	A major benefit of CAD is increased productivity of designers. True    False

 

33.	Manufacturability, i.e. ease of fabrication or assembly, is a key concern in product design because of its impact on cost, productivity, and quality. True    False

 

34.	Concurrent engineering reduces the level of communication required among engineering design, marketing staff, and manufacturing. True    False

 

35.	Design for assembly means focusing on reducing the number of parts in a product and the methods for putting it together. True    False

 

36.	Design of services and choice of location are often closely linked. True    False

 

37.	Service design often must take into account the degree of customer contact as it affects the degree of customization (variability). True    False

 

38.	“Quality Function Deployment” is a structured approach for ensuring that customer requirements are factored into every aspect of product planning and production. True    False

 

39.	Quality function deployment (QFD) is a structured approach for diagnosing sources of technical problems in production processes. True    False

 

40.	Quality function deployment (QFD) is based on a set of matrices which relate customer requirements (what) to corresponding technical requirements (how). True    False

 

41.	The quality function deployment (QFD) matrices are often referred to as the “House of Quality” because, when completed, they “house” all of the customer’s quality requirements. True    False

 

42.	Services should be designed to minimize variability in service requirements, thereby increasing the efficiency of service delivery processes. True    False

 

43.	Products are generally intangible; services are generally tangible. True    False

 

44.	Successful organizations use which of the following elements to create new products and services and bring them to consumers? A. Product approval committees   B. Core marketing team   C. Phase reviews   D. Structured development processes   E. All of the above elements are used.

 

45.

The usual phases for product design include which of the following? I. Hire core team II. Idea generation and preliminary assessment III. Building a business case IV. Development of product and processes V. Launch A. I, II, III, and IV   B. II, III, IV, and V   C. II, III, and IV   D. I, II, III, and V   E. I, II, III, IV, and V (all listed)

 

46.

What does the product design process not usually involve? A. Building a business case.   B. Building product prototypes, testing and redesigning if necessary.   C. Testing and validation   D. Designing for mass-customization.   E. Translating the “voice of the customer” into technical product specifications.

 

47.	Which of the following is not a typical source of ideas for new or redesigned products? A. Front-line employees   B. Marketing research   C. Inventory records   D. Reverse engineering   E. Research and development

 

48.	Which one of the following is not a common design for environment (DFE) practice? A. Design for disassembly   B. Design to minimize use of hazardous materials   C. Design for re-use   D. Design for mass customization   E. design for energy efficiency

 

49.	Ideas for new or improved designs can come from: A. customers.   B. competitors.   C. research and development departments.   D. employees.   E. all of the choices are correct.

 

50.	The process of dismantling and inspecting a competitor’s new or revised product for the purpose of gleaning design ideas is called: A. design by imitation.   B. product analysis.   C. reverse engineering.   D. benchmarking.   E. none of the choices are correct.

 

51.	All of the following are sources of ideas for new or redesigned products EXCEPT: A. successful sales strategies.   B. front-line employees.   C. suppliers of materials and parts/components.   D. reverse engineering.   E. all of the choices are sources.

 

52.

From focus groups, 3M noticed consumers needed an extra hand when wrapping gifts so they created a Pop-up Tape Dispenser. This was an example of which approach to finding new product ideas? A. Listening to market complaints   B. Gaps in the market   C. Exploring niche markets   D. Using new technology   E. Creating new market space

 

53.

Gillette, a market leader in shaving products was the first to produce a disposable shaver specifically designed for women. This was an example of which approach to finding new product ideas? A. Listening to market complaints   B. Gaps in the market   C. Exploring niche markets   D. Using new technology   E. Creating new market space

 

54.

Apple created the iPod and thus developed a personal portable stereo market for digitally recorded music. This was an example of which approach to finding new product ideas? A. Listening to market complaints   B. Gaps in the market   C. Exploring niche markets   D. Using new technology   E. Creating new market space

 

55.	Which of the following is an issue that designers must take into account in product design? A. Legal, environmental and ethical issues   B. Reliability   C. Standardization   D. Environmental concerns   E. All of the issues listed must be taken into account

 

56.	Which of the following is not a stage in the life cycle of products and services? A. Incubation   B. Growth   C. Adolescence   D. Saturation   E. Decline

 

57.	The stage in the product life cycle where companies attempt to prolong a product’s useful life by improving its reliability or reducing costs is: A. incubation.   B. growth.   C. maturity.   D. saturation.   E. decline.

 

58.	Design changes are least likely during which stage of the product life cycle? A. Incubation   B. Growth   C. Maturity   D. Saturation   E. Decline

 

59.

Which of the following is not an action likely to be taken in the last phase of a product life cycle to prolong the product’s life? A. Improve the reliability of the product   B. Reduce production costs (and therefore the price)   C. Redesign the product   D. Increase production volume to reduce costs

 

60.	Which of the following is a disadvantage of standardization in product and service design? A. Increased number of items held in inventory   B. Increased training costs   C. Decreased expenditures on perfecting designs   D. Decreased product variety   E. Economies of scale

 

61.	One possible disadvantage of modular design is: A. training costs increase.   B. failure diagnosis is more complex.   C. the inability to disassemble some modules in order to replace a faulty part.   D. individual parts lose their identities.   E. inventory problems arise.

 

62.

Of the following, which is not strictly a legal or ethical consideration of product design? A. Legislated automobile pollution standards and safety features   B. The range of conditions a product can operate within   C. Bans or regulations on the use of certain materials   D. Patents, trademarks and copyrights of competitors   E. Standards for building materials

 

63.

Remanufacturing means: A. recovering materials from old products to be used in producing new products.   B. designing products so they can be easily taken apart.   C. a product has to meet the standards of government regulations.   D. standardized products whose design does not change over time.   E. refurbishing used products by replacing worn-out or defective components.

 

64.

Which is not a key advantage of concurrent engineering? A. It allows consideration of production capabilities.   B. It decreases the number of conflicts and challenges for manufacturing.   C. Cost and quality are taken into consideration in selecting suitable materials.   D. It allows for early procurement of key machinery.   E. It allows designers to work independently from manufacturing personnel.

 

65.	In the area of product and service design the acronym CAD refers to: A. conceptually appropriate design.   B. computer aided design.   C. commercial applications design.   D. competitive advantage design.   E. completely automated design.

 

66.

Which of the following is not a benefit of component commonality? A. It increases product reliability.   B. It provides savings in design time.   C. It provides savings in training time for technicians.   D. It provides savings based on bulk buying from suppliers   E. It reduces the inventory that dealers must carry.

 

67.

Service design generally differs from product design in which of the following ways? A. Service design tends to focus on tangible factors more so than products.   B. There is less latitude in detecting and correcting errors prior to delivery for services.   C. Choice of location is less important for services.   D. Services typically have higher barriers to entry than products.   E. None of the choices are correct.

 

68.	Which of the following is not true about services?