Nutrition Through the Life Cycle 6th Edition by Judith E. Brown – Test Bank
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Sample Test
Test Bank[1] for
Chapter 3 – Preconception Nutrition:
Conditions and
Interventions
Key to question information: ANS = correct
answer; DIF = question difficulty; REF = page reference; OBJ = chapter learning
objective for question section
Learning Objectives
3.1 Identify the symptoms of premenstrual
syndrome and the effect of PMS treatment strategies on fertility status of
women with the syndrome.
3.2 Explain the primary mechanisms that
underlie the effects of obesity and underweight on fertility in women and men.
3.3 Identify two mechanisms by which a
negative energy balance can influence fertility.
3.4 Identify two ways in which good blood
glucose control during the periconceptional period can benefit fetal growth and
development.
3.5 Cite three key components of the
nutritional management of PCOS.
3.6 Identify the major reasons why dietary
control of PKU is particularly important during pregnancy.
3.7 Describe three nutritional consequences of
untreated celiac disease.
Multiple Choice
1. The
definition of the periconceptional period
is _____.
2. the
developing organism from 8 weeks to the moment of birth
3. the
month before conception
4. the
time period around conception measured in weeks or months
5. the
month after conception
6. None
of the above
ANS: c DIF: Fact-based,
easy
REF: 71
OBJ: 3.1
2. Premenstrual
dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is characterized by:
3. mood
swings.
4. irritability.
5. depressed
mood.
6. physical
symptoms.
7. All
of the above
ANS: e DIF: Fact-based,
medium
REF: 71
OBJ: 3.1
3. Which
of the following would NOT be
used to treat PMS symptoms?
4. Increased
intake of caffeine
5. Oral
contraceptives
6. Supplements
like B6 or calcium
7. Chasteberry
extract
8. Antidepressants
ANS: a DIF:
Fact-based
REF:
71-72
OBJ: 3.1
4. Which
of the following would NOT be
considered a sign or symptom of premenstrual syndrome?
5. Swollen
glands under the jaw
6. Fatigue
7. Abdominal
bloating
8. Mood
swings
9. Anxiety
ANS: a DIF: Fact-based
REF: 71
OBJ: 3.1
5. Symptoms
of PMS occur in about _____ of menstruating women.
6. 10-12%
7. 27-30%
8. 34%
9. 15-25%
10. 55%
ANS: d DIF: Fact-based
REF: 71
OBJ: 3.1
6. Untreated
phenylketonuria in pregnant women can lead to:
7. increased
risk of heart defects in the infant.
8. infants
with microcephaly.
9. severe
mental retardation in children.
10. All
of the above
11. a and
b only
ANS: d DIF:
Application-based,
hard
REF:
80
OBJ: 3.6
7. A
nutrient that would effectively treat headaches and cramps in a woman with PMS
is _____.
8. vitamin
B6
9. calcium
10. magnesium
11. vitamin
E
ANS: b DIF: Fact-based,
easy
REF: 72
OBJ: 3.1
8. _____
is the first therapeutic option for infertility in obese people.
9. Medication
10. Weight
loss
11. Hormone
therapy
12. In-vitro
fertilization
13. Surgery
ANS: b DIF:
Application-based
REF: 74
OBJ: 3.2
9. Excess
central body fat is related to _____.
10. insulin
resistance
11. ovulatory
disorders
12. metabolic
syndrome
13. All
of the above
ANS: d DIF: Fact-based,
easy
REF: 72
OBJ: 3.2
10. An
eating disorder that affects fertility is _____.
11. hypothalamic
amenorrhea
12. anorexia
nervosa
13. bulimia
nervosa
14. celiac
disease
15. b and
c
16. a and
b
ANS: f DIF:
Application-based, medium REF:
75
OBJ: 3.3
11. The
onset of hypothalamic amenorrhea is related to:
12. being
underweight, as is seen in anorexia nervosa.
13. weight
loss accompanied by intense exercise, as seen in the female athlete triad.
14. caloric
restriction leading to an energy deficit.
15. All
of the above
16. a and
b only
ANS: d DIF: Fact-based,
easy
REF: 75
OBJ: 3.3
12. Which
of the following is an example of an autoimmune disease?
13. Phenylketonuria
(PKU)
14. Type
1 diabetes
15. Type
2 diabetes
16. The
female athlete triad
17. Polycystic
ovary syndrome
ANS: b DIF:
Fact-based
REF:
77
OBJ: 3.4
13. _____
during the first 2 months of pregnancy is teratogenic and leads to a two- to
three-fold risk of congenital abnormalities.
14. A
high blood glucose level
15. Type
1 diabetes
16. Type
2 diabetes
17. Insulin
resistance
18. Celiac
disease
ANS: a DIF: Fact-based
REF: 76
OBJ: 3.4
14. Diet
strategies appropriate for people with type 2 diabetes include all of the
following EXCEPT:
15. weight
loss if overweight.
16. increasing
fruit and vegetable intake to include plant antioxidants.
17. low-glycemic
index foods that are rich in fiber.
18. 150
minutes per week of physical activity.
19. ≤40%
of total intake from saturated fats.
ANS: e DIF:
Application-based
REF: 76-78
OBJ: 3.4
15. The
most effective approach for risk reduction in people with diabetes so far is:
16. drug
therapy and weight loss.
17. drug
therapy and exercise.
18. weight
loss and exercise.
19. behavioral
therapy.
ANS: c DIF: Fact-based
REF: 78
OBJ: 3.4
16. What
statement below best describes the difference between carbohydrate intake
recommendations for persons with insulin resistance such as in metabolic
syndrome and those for persons with type 2 diabetes?
17. Persons
with type 2 diabetes should eat more complex carbohydrates than persons with
insulin resistance should.
18. Persons
with insulin resistance should eat more complex carbohydrates than persons with
type 2 diabetes should.
19. Carbohydrate
intake recommendations for persons with type 2 diabetes are more tailor-made
than for persons with insulin resistance.
20. There
is no difference between carbohydrate recommendations.
ANS: d DIF:
Application-based,
hard
REF:
73|76-77
OBJ: 3.4
17. Diets
that provide low-glycemic index carbohydrates along with _____ of fiber daily
are associated with improved blood glucose control.
18. 15 g
19. 25-35
g
20. 14 g
per 1000 calories
21. 38 g
22. 50 g
ANS: c DIF: Fact-based
REF: 77
OBJ: 3.4
18. Bariatric
surgery increases the risk that women will develop deficiencies of:
19. iron.
20. zinc.
21. calcium.
22. vitamins
B6, B12, and D.
23. All
of the above
ANS: e DIF: Fact-based
REF: 75
OBJ: 3.2
19. Which
of the following supplements may be recommended to prevent or delay the onset
of gestational and type 2 diabetes?
20. Vitamin
D
21. Vitamin
E
22. Iron
23. Calcium
24. a and
b
ANS: b DIF:
Fact-based
REF:
78
OBJ: 3.4
20. A
symptom NOT related
to PCOS is _____.
21. insulin
resistance
22. amenorrhea
23. infertility
24. low
testosterone levels
ANS: d DIF: Fact-based,
medium
REF:
79
OBJ: 3.5
21. Clinical
signs associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) include:
22. insulin
resistance.
23. infertility.
24. obesity.
25. excess
abdominal fat.
26. All
of the above
ANS: e DIF: Fact-based
REF: 79
OBJ: 3.5
22. The
primary GOAL of
the treatment of PCOS is:
23. to
increase insulin sensitivity.
24. to
induce weight loss if overweight.
25. to
regulate blood lipid levels.
26. to
reverse infertility.
27. to
prevent diabetes from developing.
ANS: a DIF:
Fact-based
REF:
79
OBJ: 3.5
23. Symptoms
of PCOS often improve with a _____ loss of initial body weight.
24. 2 to
4%
25. 4 to
6%
26. 5 to
10%
27. 10 to
12%
28. 15%
ANS: c DIF:
Fact-based
REF:
79
OBJ: 3.5
24. Dietary
recommendations for women with PCOS emphasize:
25. whole
grains, fruits, and vegetables high in antioxidants.
26. lean sources
of protein.
27. high-glycemic
index carbohydrate sources.
28. All
of the above
29. a and
b only
ANS: e DIF:
Application-based
REF: 79
OBJ: 3.5
25. The
two grains persons with celiac disease can safely consume are _____.
26. corn
and rice
27. oats
and wheat
28. rye
and rice
29. barley
and oats
ANS: a DIF:
Application-based,
hard
REF:
82|84
OBJ: 3.7
26. Foods
to avoid if you have celiac disease include:
27. oats,
corn, wheat, and rye.
28. wheat,
rye, and barley.
29. wheat,
corn, oats, and soy.
30. wheat,
rye, oats, and eggs.
31. all
of the above
ANS: b DIF:
Application-based
REF: 82|84
OBJ: 3.7
27. Signs
and symptoms of celiac disease include all of the following EXCEPT:
28. iron-deficiency
anemia.
29. bloating.
30. infertility.
31. bleeding
gums.
32. weight
loss.
ANS: d DIF:
Fact-based
REF:
84
OBJ: 3.7
28. Which
of the following foods is sure to be gluten free?
29. Corn
30. Deli
meat
31. Hotdogs
32. Salad
dressings
33. Bouillon
ANS: a DIF:
Application-based
REF: 81-82
OBJ: 3.7
29. Judy
has been suffering from depression, breast tenderness, muscle pain, anxiety,
and headaches for the past 2 months; it is likely she is suffering from:
30. polycystic
ovary syndrome (PCOS).
31. premenstrual
syndrome (PMS).
32. premenstrual
dysphoric disorder (PMDD).
33. dysmenorrhea.
34. celiac
disease.
ANS: c DIF: Application-based
REF:
71
OBJ: 3.1
30. How
could having irregular menstrual cycles lead to a lack of early prenatal care
for some obese women?
31. When
women don’t menstruate they may feel they are not ovulating and can’t get
pregnant, so they don’t get prenatal care
32. Women
may not be aware they are already pregnant because a delay in their menses is
normal
33. Women
think an egg will not implant without ovulation
34. All
of the above
35. a and
b only
ANS: e DIF: Application-based
REF:
73-74
OBJ: 3.2
Use the following information to answer questions 31-33.
Jane and her husband are interested in having a child, but she
has had a hard time conceiving. She has met with her OB-GYN to have a physical,
labs drawn, and a prenatal check-up in order to determine what the problem is.
Lab work and other relevant data for Jane are as
follows:
Age: 36
Blood pressure 110/70 mm Hg;
Fasting blood glucose 130
mg/dL;
HDL cholesterol 35
mg/dL;
Blood triglycerides 175 mg/dL;
Waist circumference = 36”;
Current weight 150#; Height 5’3”
31. Based
on the data above, Jane will likely be diagnosed with:
32. type
2 diabetes.
33. metabolic
syndrome.
34. celiac
disease.
35. hypothalamic
amenorrhea.
36. gestational
diabetes.
ANS: b DIF:
Application-based
REF: 73
OBJ: 3.2
32. Which
of the following symptoms would indicate that Jane has this diagnosis?
33. Her
blood pressure, weight, and height
34. Hard
time with conception and her age
35. High
fasting blood glucose, blood triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol levels
36. Her
waist circumference, age, and blood pressure
37. All
of the above
ANS: c DIF: Application-based
REF:
73
OBJ: 3.2
33. Dietary
modifications for this diagnosis would include:
34. avoiding
wheat, rye, oats, and barley.
35. avoiding
aspartame and artificial sweeteners.
36. avoiding
sugar.
37. including
whole grains and fruits and vegetables that are high in antioxidants.
38. making
sure to consume 1000 mg calcium per day.
ANS: d DIF:
Application-based
REF: 73
OBJ: 3.2
34. The
three components of the female athlete triad are:
35. anemia,
anorexia, and osteoporosis.
36. amenorrhea,
anemia, and anorexia.
37. amenorrhea,
disordered eating, and osteoporosis.
38. disordered
eating, anemia, and osteoarthritis.
39. disordered
eating, osteoporosis, and infertility.
ANS: c DIF:
Fact-based
REF:
75
OBJ: 3.3
35. When
a woman develops “carbohydrate intolerance” during pregnancy, this means that:
36. she
complains of a dislike of carbohydrate-containing foods that commonly occurs
during the second trimester of pregnancy.
37. her
pancreas cannot produce insulin, so glucose cannot get into cells.
38. her
blood glucose levels increase abnormally after she eats carbohydrate-containing
foods.
39. All
of the above
40. b and
c only
ANS: c DIF:
Application-based
REF: 77
OBJ: 3.4
36. Which
of the following conditions would NOT be
seen in higher rates in obese women?
37. Type
1 diabetes
38. Infertility
39. Type
2 diabetes
40. PCOS
41. Metabolic
syndrome
ANS: a DIF:
Application-based
REF: 72|76-79
OBJ: 3.2|3.4|3.5
37. Women
that have PKU must avoid the essential amino acid phenylalanine and consume a
diet low in protein because:
38. they
lack enough stomach acid (HCl) to break down dietary proteins, including
phenylalanine.
39. they
are allergic to phenylalanine and other protein-rich foods.
40. they
lack the enzyme necessary to convert phenylalanine to tyrosine.
41. phenylalanine
and protein-rich foods cause an accumulation of acid to build up in the blood.
42. None
of the above is correct.
ANS: c DIF:
Fact-based
REF:
80
OBJ: 3.6
True/False
1. Low
levels of sex hormone binding globulin are related to increased availability of
testosterone and estrogen in the body.
ANS: T DIF: Fact-based,
easy
REF: 74
OBJ: 3.2
2. PCOS
is easy to diagnose because the signs and symptoms are the same for all women.
ANS: F DIF:
Fact-based
REF:
79
OBJ: 3.5
3. The
treatment for celiac disease is long-term steroid therapy.
ANS: F DIF: Fact-based
REF: 81-82
OBJ: 3.7
4. All
people with type 2 diabetes can manage their glucose levels with diet and
exercise only.
ANS: F DIF:
Fact-based
REF: 77
OBJ: 3.4
Matching
|
1. Rotavirus 2. Amenorrhea 3. Insulin resistance 4. Congenital abnormality 5. Teratogenic 6. Glycemic index 7. PMDD 8. Periconceptional period 9. Gestational diabetes 10. Bulimia nervosa |
A. Cell membranes have
reduced sensitivity to insulin B. The time period around conception C. No menstrual cycle D. Syndrome characterized by mood swings,
irritability, and physical symptoms E. Most common cause of diarrhea among children F. Exposures that produce malformations in embryos
or fetuses G. A structural, functional, or metabolic
abnormality present at birth H. Carbohydrate intolerance first discovered
during pregnancy I. Rapid uncontrolled eating followed by
compensatory behaviors J. A measure of the extent to which blood glucose
levels are raised |
Key:
1. ANS:
E DIF:
Fact-based
REF: 84
OBJ: 3.7
2. ANS:
C DIF: Fact-based
REF: 73
OBJ: 3.2
3. ANS:
A DIF:
Fact-based
REF: 72
OBJ: 3.2
4. ANS:
G DIF:
Fact-based
REF: 76
OBJ: 3.4
5. ANS:
F DIF:
Fact-based
REF: 76
OBJ: 3.4
6. ANS:
J DIF:
Fact-based
REF: 76
OBJ: 3.4
7. ANS:
D DIF:
Fact-based
REF: 71
OBJ: 3.1
8. ANS:
B DIF:
Fact-based
REF: 71
OBJ: 3.1
9. ANS:
H DIF:
Fact-based
REF:
77
OBJ: 3.4
10. ANS:
I DIF: Fact-based REF:
75
OBJ: 3.3
Short Answer
1. A
woman with type 2 diabetes taking an oral medication wants to become pregnant.
Discuss the dietary recommendations that will promote better pregnancy outcomes
and normalize her blood sugars.
ANS: See pp. 76-78.
DIF: Application-based,
hard
REF: 76-78
OBJ: 3.4
2. Discuss
how using low-glycemic index foods might help someone with diabetes manage
his/her blood glucose levels. List several low-glycemic foods that would be
appropriate for someone wishing to incorporate them into his/her diet.
ANS: See pp. 76-77.
DIF:
Application-based
REF:
76-77
OBJ: 3.4
3. Individuals
with metabolic syndrome are at risk for cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
How does adjusting their diet reduce their risks? Are there any other lifestyle
adjustments that can also help? Outline a one-day diet that incorporates foods
that will help reverse the risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome. Be
sure to note which foods would be the most beneficial.
ANS: See pp. 72-73.
DIF:
Application-based
REF:
72-73
OBJ: 3.2
4. Describe
the difference between congenital malformations and inborn errors of
metabolism. Cite one example of an inborn error of metabolism and describe the
best nutrition-related intervention.
ANS: See pp. 76, 80-81.
DIF: Fact-based,
medium
REF: 76|80-81
OBJ: 3.4|3.6
5. A
friend was recently diagnosed with polycystic ovary disease. Describe some
characteristics of the disease, the first line of therapy, and dietary changes
needed. Also, identify two healthy outcomes related to successful treatment.
ANS: See pp. 78-79.
DIF: Fact-based,
hard
REF:
78-79
OBJ: 3.5
6. Keep
track of your diet for one day, making sure to write down EVERYTHING you
consume, including condiments. Once you have done this, analyze your foods to
see how many of them include grains that would be unacceptable for someone with
celiac disease to consume. Then, make substitutions for these foods with an
acceptable substitute and write out a new menu. How easy is it to detect these
offending grains for someone who is not familiar with nutrition?
Websites to check out:
ANS: See pp. 81-82.
DIF:
Application-based
REF:
81-82
OBJ: 3.7
Ready-to-Use Chapter 3 Test
Multiple Choice
1. The
definition of the periconceptional period
is _____.
2. the
developing organism from 8 weeks to the moment of birth
3. the
month before conception
4. the
time period around conception measured in weeks or months
5. the
month after conception
6. None
of the above
2. Premenstrual
dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is characterized by:
3. mood
swings.
4. irritability.
5. depressed
mood.
6. physical
symptoms.
7. All
of the above
3. Which
of the following would NOT be
used to treat PMS symptoms?
4. Increased
intake of caffeine
5. Oral
contraceptives
6. Supplements
like B6 or calcium
7. Chasteberry
extract
8. Antidepressants
4. Which
of the following would NOT be
considered a sign or symptom of premenstrual syndrome?
5. Swollen
glands under the jaw
6. Fatigue
7. Abdominal
bloating
8. Mood
swings
9. Anxiety
5. Symptoms
of PMS occur in about _____ of menstruating women.
6. 10-12%
7. 27-30%
8. 34%
9. 15-25%
10. 55%
6. Untreated
phenylketonuria in pregnant women can lead to:
7. increased
risk of heart defects in the infant.
8. infants
with microcephaly.
9. severe
mental retardation in children.
10. All
of the above
11. a and
b only
7. A
nutrient that would effectively treat headaches and cramps in a woman with PMS
is _____.
8. vitamin
B6
9. calcium
10. magnesium
11. vitamin
E
8. _____
is the first therapeutic option for infertility in obese people.
9. Medication
10. Weight
loss
11. Hormone
therapy
12. In-vitro
fertilization
13. Surgery
9. Excess
central body fat is related to _____.
10. insulin
resistance
11. ovulatory
disorders
12. metabolic
syndrome
13. All
of the above
10. An
eating disorder that affects fertility is _____.
11. hypothalamic
amenorrhea
12. anorexia
nervosa
13. bulimia
nervosa
14. celiac
disease
15. b and
c
16. a and
b
11. The
onset of hypothalamic amenorrhea is related to:
12. being
underweight, as is seen in anorexia nervosa.
13. weight
loss accompanied by intense exercise, as seen in the female athlete triad.
14. caloric
restriction leading to an energy deficit.
15. All
of the above
16. a and
b only
12. Which
of the following is an example of an autoimmune disease?
13. Phenylketonuria
(PKU)
14. Type
1 diabetes
15. Type
2 diabetes
16. The
female athlete triad
17. Polycystic
ovary syndrome
13. _____
during the first 2 months of pregnancy is teratogenic and leads to a two- to
three-fold risk of congenital abnormalities.
14. A
high blood glucose level
15. Type
1 diabetes
16. Type
2 diabetes
17. Insulin
resistance
18. Celiac
disease
14. Diet strategies
appropriate for people with type 2 diabetes include all of the following EXCEPT:
15. weight
loss if overweight.
16. increasing
fruit and vegetable intake to include plant antioxidants.
17. low-glycemic
index foods that are rich in fiber.
18. 150
minutes per week of physical activity.
19. ≤40%
of total intake from saturated fats.
15. The
most effective approach for risk reduction in people with diabetes so far is:
16. drug
therapy and weight loss.
17. drug
therapy and exercise.
18. weight
loss and exercise.
19. behavioral
therapy.
16. What
statement below best describes the difference between carbohydrate intake
recommendations for persons with insulin resistance such as in metabolic
syndrome and those for persons with type 2 diabetes?
17. Persons
with type 2 diabetes should eat more complex carbohydrates than persons with
insulin resistance should.
18. Persons
with insulin resistance should eat more complex carbohydrates than persons with
type 2 diabetes should.
19. Carbohydrate
intake recommendations for persons with type 2 diabetes are more tailor-made
than for persons with insulin resistance.
20. There
is no difference between carbohydrate recommendations.
17. Diets
that provide low-glycemic index carbohydrates along with _____ of fiber daily
are associated with improved blood glucose control.
18. 15 g
19. 25-35
g
20. 14 g
per 1000 calories
21. 38 g
22. 50 g
18. Bariatric
surgery increases the risk that women will develop deficiencies of:
19. iron.
20. zinc.
21. calcium.
22. vitamins
B6, B12, and D.
23. All
of the above
19. Which
of the following supplements may be recommended to prevent or delay the onset
of gestational and type 2 diabetes?
20. Vitamin
D
21. Vitamin
E
22. Iron
23. Calcium
24. a and
b
20. A
symptom NOT related
to PCOS is _____.
21. insulin
resistance
22. amenorrhea
23. infertility
24. low
testosterone levels
21. Clinical
signs associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) include:
22. insulin
resistance.
23. infertility.
24. obesity.
25. excess
abdominal fat.
26. All
of the above
22. The
primary GOAL of
the treatment of PCOS is:
23. to
increase insulin sensitivity.
24. to
induce weight loss if overweight.
25. to
regulate blood lipid levels.
26. to
reverse infertility.
27. to
prevent diabetes from developing.
23. Symptoms
of PCOS often improve with a _____ loss of initial body weight.
24. 2 to
4%
25. 4 to
6%
26. 5 to
10%
27. 10 to
12%
28. 15%
24. Dietary
recommendations for women with PCOS emphasize:
25. whole
grains, fruits, and vegetables high in antioxidants.
26. lean
sources of protein.
27. high-glycemic
index carbohydrate sources.
28. All
of the above
29. a and
b only
25. The
two grains persons with celiac disease can safely consume are _____.
26. corn
and rice
27. oats
and wheat
28. rye
and rice
29. barley
and oats
26. Foods
to avoid if you have celiac disease include:
27. oats,
corn, wheat, and rye.
28. wheat,
rye, and barley.
29. wheat,
corn, oats, and soy.
30. wheat,
rye, oats, and eggs.
31. all
of the above
27. Signs
and symptoms of celiac disease include all of the following EXCEPT:
28. iron-deficiency
anemia.
29. bloating.
30. infertility.
31. bleeding
gums.
32. weight
loss.
28. Which
of the following foods is sure to be gluten free?
29. Corn
30. Deli
meat
31. Hotdogs
32. Salad
dressings
33. Bouillon
29. Judy
has been suffering from depression, breast tenderness, muscle pain, anxiety,
and headaches for the past 2 months; it is likely she is suffering from:
30. polycystic
ovary syndrome (PCOS).
31. premenstrual
syndrome (PMS).
32. premenstrual
dysphoric disorder (PMDD).
33. dysmenorrhea.
34. celiac
disease.
30. How
could having irregular menstrual cycles lead to a lack of early prenatal care
for some obese women?
31. When
women don’t menstruate they may feel they are not ovulating and can’t get
pregnant, so they don’t get prenatal care
32. Women
may not be aware they are already pregnant because a delay in their menses is
normal
33. Women
think an egg will not implant without ovulation
34. All
of the above
35. a and
b only
Use the following information to answer questions 31-33.
Jane and her husband are interested in having a child, but she
has had a hard time conceiving. She has met with her OB-GYN to have a physical,
labs drawn, and a prenatal check-up in order to determine what the problem is.
Lab work and other relevant data for Jane are as
follows:
Age: 36
Blood pressure 110/70 mm Hg;
Fasting blood glucose 130
mg/dL;
HDL cholesterol 35
mg/dL;
Blood triglycerides 175 mg/dL;
Waist circumference = 36”;
Current weight 150#; Height 5’3”
31. Based
on the data above, Jane will likely be diagnosed with:
32. type
2 diabetes.
33. metabolic
syndrome.
34. celiac
disease.
35. hypothalamic
amenorrhea.
36. gestational
diabetes.
32. Which
of the following symptoms would indicate that Jane has this diagnosis?
33. Her
blood pressure, weight, and height
34. Hard
time with conception and her age
35. High
fasting blood glucose, blood triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol levels
36. Her
waist circumference, age, and blood pressure
37. All
of the above
33. Dietary
modifications for this diagnosis would include:
34. avoiding
wheat, rye, oats, and barley.
35. avoiding
aspartame and artificial sweeteners.
36. avoiding
sugar.
37. including
whole grains and fruits and vegetables that are high in antioxidants.
38. making
sure to consume 1000 mg calcium per day.
34. The
three components of the female athlete triad are:
35. anemia,
anorexia, and osteoporosis.
36. amenorrhea,
anemia, and anorexia.
37. amenorrhea,
disordered eating, and osteoporosis.
38. disordered
eating, anemia, and osteoarthritis.
39. disordered
eating, osteoporosis, and infertility.
35. When
a woman develops “carbohydrate intolerance” during pregnancy, this means that:
36. she
complains of a dislike of carbohydrate-containing foods that commonly occurs
during the second trimester of pregnancy.
37. her
pancreas cannot produce insulin, so glucose cannot get into cells.
38. her
blood glucose levels increase abnormally after she eats carbohydrate-containing
foods.
39. All
of the above
40. b and
c only
36. Which
of the following conditions would NOT be
seen in higher rates in obese women?
37. Type
1 diabetes
38. Infertility
39. Type
2 diabetes
40. PCOS
41. Metabolic
syndrome
37. Women
that have PKU must avoid the essential amino acid phenylalanine and consume a
diet low in protein because:
38. they
lack enough stomach acid (HCl) to break down dietary proteins, including
phenylalanine.
39. they
are allergic to phenylalanine and other protein-rich foods.
40. they
lack the enzyme necessary to convert phenylalanine to tyrosine.
41. phenylalanine
and protein-rich foods cause an accumulation of acid to build up in the blood.
42. None
of the above is correct.
True/False
1. Low levels
of sex hormone binding globulin are related to increased availability of
testosterone and estrogen in the body.
2. PCOS
is easy to diagnose because the signs and symptoms are the same for all women.
3. The
treatment for celiac disease is long-term steroid therapy.
4. All
people with type 2 diabetes can manage their glucose levels with diet and
exercise only.
Matching
|
1. Rotavirus 2. Amenorrhea 3. Insulin resistance 4. Congenital abnormality 5. Teratogenic 6. Glycemic index 7. PMDD 8. Periconceptional period 9. Gestational diabetes 10. Bulimia nervosa |
A. Cell membranes have
reduced sensitivity to insulin B. The time period around conception C. No menstrual cycle D. Syndrome characterized by mood swings,
irritability, and physical symptoms E. Most common cause of diarrhea among children F. Exposures that produce malformations in embryos
or fetuses G. A structural, functional, or metabolic
abnormality present at birth H. Carbohydrate intolerance first discovered
during pregnancy I. Rapid uncontrolled eating followed by
compensatory behaviors J. A measure of the extent to which blood glucose
levels are raised |
Short Answer
1. A
woman with type 2 diabetes taking an oral medication wants to become pregnant.
Discuss the dietary recommendations that will promote better pregnancy outcomes
and normalize her blood sugars.
2. Discuss
how using low-glycemic index foods might help someone with diabetes manage
his/her blood glucose levels. List several low-glycemic foods that would be
appropriate for someone wishing to incorporate them into his/her diet.
3. Individuals
with metabolic syndrome are at risk for cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
How does adjusting their diet reduce their risks? Are there any other lifestyle
adjustments that can also help? Outline a one-day diet that incorporates foods
that will help reverse the risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome. Be
sure to note which foods would be the most beneficial.
4. Describe
the difference between congenital malformations and inborn errors of
metabolism. Cite one example of an inborn error of metabolism and describe the
best nutrition-related intervention.
5. A
friend was recently diagnosed with polycystic ovary disease. Describe some
characteristics of the disease, the first line of therapy, and dietary changes
needed. Also, identify two healthy outcomes related to successful treatment.
A
6. Keep
track of your diet for one day, making sure to write down EVERYTHING you
consume, including condiments. Once you have done this, analyze your foods to
see how many of them include grains that would be unacceptable for someone with
celiac disease to consume. Then, make substitutions for these foods with an
acceptable substitute and write out a new menu. How easy is it to detect these
offending grains for someone who is not familiar with nutrition?
Websites to check out:
Test Bank[2] for
Chapter 4 – Nutrition during Pregnancy
Key to question information: ANS = correct
answer; DIF = question difficulty; REF = page reference; OBJ = chapter learning
objective for question section
Learning Objectives
4.1 Identify three problem areas related to
pregnancy outcomes in the United States.
4.2 Describe five physiological changes that normally
occur during pregnancy that would be considered abnormal if they did not occur
during pregnancy.
4.3 Define critical periods of growth and
development and identify potential consequences of inadequate energy and
nutrient availability during these periods on future health status.
4.4 Identify recommended weight gain ranges
for women who enter pregnancy underweight, normal weight, overweight, and
obese.
4.5 Identify three examples of relationships
between nutritional status during pregnancy and long-term health outcomes in
offspring.
4.6 Identify four major lessons learned about
food availability and pregnancy outcomes from studies of population groups
undergoing famine.
4.7 Provide five examples of how the need for
energy and specific nutrients change due to pregnancy and identify three
factors that influence dietary intake during pregnancy that are not related to
food availability.
4.8 Develop a one-day diet for pregnancy based
on ChooseMyPlate.gov food intake recommendations for pregnancy.
4.9 Describe two reasons why pregnant women
and their fetuses are particularly vulnerable to certain foodborne illnesses
and effective dietary interventions for three common health problems during
pregnancy.
4.10 Identify and describe the basic components of a
nutritional assessment of pregnant women and three health benefits to women of
regular exercise during pregnancy.
4.11 Identify three common health problems during
pregnancy and the evidence of the effectiveness of dietary interventions for
their treatment or amelioration.
4.12 Describe the nutrition services components of a model
nutrition program during pregnancy.
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