Natural Hazards Earths Processes as Hazards Disasters 3rd Edition Canadian Edition By Edward A. Keller – Test Bank
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Natural Hazards, 3e (Keller)
Chapter 4 Tsunamis
1) The Indonesian Tsunami caused a catastrophe around the Indian
Ocean because ________
1. A)
The earthquake that produced it was very big.
2. B)
The earthquake that produced it was associated with a Subduction Zone.
3. C)
There was no warning system to alert people to evacuate.
4. D)
Buildings were not built to withstand a tsunami.
5. E)
Tsunamis had never been recorded in that area.
Answer: C
Section: 4.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
2) What is a Tsunami?
1. A) A
wave in the ocean usually caused by earthquakes
2. B) A wave
in the ocean usually caused by tides
3. C) A
wave in the ocean usually caused by hurricanes
4. D) A
wave in the ocean seen only in Japan
5. E) A
wave in the ocean seen only in the summer months
Answer: A
Section: 4.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
3) Why don’t earthquakes on Transform Faults trigger tsunamis?
1. A)
The earthquakes aren’t strong enough
2. B)
The earthquakes aren’t in the ocean
3. C)
The earthquakes don’t vertically displace the water in the ocean
4. D)
The earthquakes don’t move fast enough
5. E)
The earthquakes don’t horizontally displace the water in the ocean
Answer: C
Section: 4.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
4) Which of the following cannot produce Tsunamis?
1. A)
Submarine Landslides
2. B)
Volcano Collapse
3. C)
Subduction Zone Earthquakes
4. D)
Transform Fault Earthquakes
5. E)
Asteroids
Answer: D
Section: 4.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
5) Which is the best explanation for how earthquakes cause
Tsunamis?
1. A)
Earthquakes shift the sea floor up or downward causing water to be displaced.
2. B) Earthquakes
shake the water, causing the ripples to move outward in all directions.
3. C)
Earthquakes cause a release of gas on the seafloor that causes water to be
displaced.
4. D)
Earthquakes heat ocean water causing it to expand and move as a wave.
5. E)
Earthquakes do not cause Tsunami.
Answer: A
Section: 4.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
6) Why don’t boats in the open ocean notice a Tsunami
approaching?
1. A)
Boats will usually mistake the large waves for tidal waves and not recognize
them as Tsunami.
2. B) Tsunamis
are too small in amplitude in the open ocean and the distance between crests is
too large for boats to notice its passing.
3. C)
Because Tsunamis are produced by earthquakes, the boats are probably still
recovering from the initial tremors to notice a change in the waves.
4. D)
Tsunami waves don’t break and therefore won’t be noticed by boats.
5. E)
The statement isn’t true. Tsunami waves are always noticed by boats in the open
ocean.
Answer: B
Section: 4.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
7) Which of the following describes what happens to Tsunami
waves as they move towards the shore?
1. A)
The waves increase in amplitude, decrease in both speed and frequency.
2. B)
The waves decrease in amplitude and frequency, increase in speed.
3. C)
The waves increase in amplitude and frequency, decrease in speed.
4. D)
The waves decrease in amplitude, increase in both speed and frequency.
5. E)
The waves amplitude, frequency, and speed all stay the same.
Answer: C
Section: 4.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
8) What is “run-up”?
1. A)
The furthest horizontal and vertical distance of the largest wave
2. B)
The speed of the wave as it nears the shore
3. C)
The speed of the wave when it is on land
4. D)
The amount of damage done by the wave
5. E)
The number of waves produced by the earthquake
Answer: A
Section: 4.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
9) What is the difference between a distant and local tsunami?
1. A)
distant tsunamis aren’t dangerous
2. B)
distant tsunamis move farther from their source before they hit land
3. C)
distant tsunamis are larger than local tsunamis
4. D)
distant tsunamis are triggered in remote parts of the ocean
5. E)
distant tsunamis hit after the local tsunamis
Answer: B
Section: 4.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
10) Which of the following regions has the least risk from
Tsunamis?
1. A)
Japan
2. B)
Pacific Northwest Coast of United States
3. C)
Northeastern Coast of the Indian Ocean
4. D)
Hawaii
5. E)
Atlantic Coast of United States
Answer: E
Section: 4.2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
11) Are all shorelines at risk for tsunamis?
1. A)
No. Only shorelines around the Indian Ocean are at risk
2. B)
No. Only shorelines around the Pacific Ocean are at risk
3. C)
Yes. Tsunamis can be triggered in one ocean and then move around to all of the
shorelines in the world.
4. D)
Yes. Some shorelines are more at risk than others though.
5. E)
Yes. They don’t actually cause any damage unless they are in the Indian Ocean.
Answer: D
Section: 4.2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
12) Which shorelines are at the greatest risk for tsunamis?
1. A)
Shorelines in the Indian Ocean
2. B)
Shorelines near subduction zones
3. C)
Shorelines near the Hawaiian volcanoes
4. D)
Shorelines near the San Andreas Fault
5. E)
All shorelines are at equal risk for tsunamis
Answer: B
Section: 4.2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
13) Which of the following is not caused by Tsunamis?
1. A)
Increased volcanic activity
2. B)
Fires
3. C)
Contaminated water supplies
4. D)
Disease
5. E)
Coastline erosion
Answer: A
Section: 4.3
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
14) How are fires started after a tsunami?
1. A)
Fires are started after gas lines break and catch on fire
2. B)
Fires are started by molten lava that erupts from the subduction zone
3. C)
Fire is brought along with the tsunami as it moves
4. D)
Fires are started when people build fires after the tsunami for heat
5. E)
Fires are not associated with tsunamis because it is too wet
Answer: A
Section: 4.3
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
15) Why is erosion a problem from tsunamis?
1. A)
Erosion damages structures that humans on the shoreline need to live.
2. B)
Erosion shortens the shoreline, which causes valuable land to be unusable.
3. C)
Erosion shortens the shoreline, which makes the new shoreline more vulnerable
to future wave erosion.
4. D)
Erosion dislodges native vegetation that is useful as a barrier against future
wave erosion.
5. E)
All of the above are problems that erosion causes
Answer: E
Section: 4.3
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
16) Which of the following are hazards are not related to
tsunamis?
1. A)
Erosion
2. B)
Volcanic activity
3. C)
Earthquakes
4. D)
Hurricanes
5. E)
Asteroids
Answer: D
Section: 4.3
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
17) What are some natural service functions of tsunamis?
1. A)
Tsunamis bring in nutrients from the ocean to the soil
2. B)
Tsunamis bring in sediment to some coastlines
3. C)
Flooding from tsunamis clear out waste from waterways
4. D)
Tsunamis bring in nutrients for fish and wildlife
5. E)
All of the above are natural service functions of tsunamis
Answer: E
Section: 4.4
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
18) Does human activity affect the magnitude of tsunamis?
1. A)
Yes. Human structures on the shoreline increase the wave amplitude.
2. B)
Yes. Human use of the water increases the wave amplitude.
3. C)
Yes. Human use of the water decreases the wave amplitude.
4. D)
Yes. Global warming is causing an increase in frequency and magnitude of
tsunamis.
5. E)
No. Human activity does not increase or decrease the wave amplitude.
Answer: E
Section: 4.5
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
19) Which of the following are ways to minimize the hazard from
Tsunamis?
1. A)
Greater emphasis on detection and warning systems
2. B)
Stricter building codes for structures on vulnerable coastlines
3. C)
Increased planting of native vegetation to break waves
4. D)
Educate people about what to do during a Tsunami
5. E)
All of the above are ways to minimize the hazard
Answer: E
Section: 4.6
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
20) Which of the following is not a part of Tsunami detection
and warning?
1. A)
Seismographs
2. B)
Tidal Gauges
3. C)
Buoy Sensors
4. D)
Tsunameter
5. E)
Sling Psychrometers
Answer: E
Section: 4.6
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
21) What is a “Runup Map”?
1. A) A
map showing where floods are likely to occur
2. B) A
map showing where people should flee during a Tsunami
3. C) A
map showing where the greatest Tsunami amplitudes have been in the past.
4. D) A
map showing where water is likely to rise in an area during Tsunamis of various
sizes
5. E) A
map showing where emergency supplies would be located during any coastal hazard
Answer: D
Section: 4.6
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
22) What is Structural Control?
1. A)
Structural control is a way of controlling building on the shoreline
2. B)
Structure control is a way of controlling the reactions of buildings when a
tsunami comes onshore
3. C)
Structural control is a way of controlling the tsunami as it moves
4. D)
Structure control is a way of controlling the movement along the fault
5. E)
Structural control is a way of controlling the water flow on the shoreline
Answer: A
Section: 4.6
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
23) What does it mean when a tsunami Watch has been issued for
an area?
1. A)
Tsunami is on its way
2. B) It
is time to go down to the shoreline to watch for the tsunami
3. C) It
is time to evacuate all areas of the shoreline
4. D) A
tsunami trigger has occurred and forecasters are watching for detection of a
tsunami
5. E)
All of the above are true for a tsunami watch
Answer: D
Section: 4.6
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
24) Which of the following signs should cause a person to leave
a low lying or beach area?
1. A) An
earthquake is felt near a susceptible coastline area
2. B)
The ocean begins to recede showing the ocean floor
3. C) A
Tsunami Siren is heard
4. D) A
giant wall of water is seen moving towards the beach
5. E)
All of the above could cause people to move to higher ground
Answer: E
Section: 4.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
25) People on the African Coast had only minutes to prepare for
the Indonesian Tsunami of 2004.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 4.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
26) Tsunamis can be caused by triggers other than earthquakes.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 4.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
27) All Tsunamis in recorded history have occurred in the
Pacific Ocean.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 4.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
28) All earthquakes can cause Tsunamis to form in the ocean.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 4.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
29) Tsunamis in the open ocean are big enough to capsize
freighters and other large boats.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 4.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
30) Before a Tsunami arrives, the sea level often drops exposing
the seafloor.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 4.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
31) Usually, there is only one wave from the Tsunami and once it
recedes people may return to their homes.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 4.1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
32) A Tsunami can NEVER strike locations on the East Coast of
the United States.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 4.2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
33) Tsunamis have enough erosional power to alter the landscape
of coastlines that they hit.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 4.3
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
34) Buoys in the open ocean can detect the passage of a Tsunami.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 4.6
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
35) There is no way to know where a Tsunami is likely to occur.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 4.6
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
36) If you can see the Tsunami coming, you could probably just
wait for it and swim to safety.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 4.7
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
37) It was said that scuba divers who were out in the ocean came
up after the Indonesian Tsunami passed to find the land devastated. They didn’t
see a thing. Could that have happened? Explain why or why not.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
38) One of the largest tsunami waves on record was triggered by
a rockfall into a bay. Explain how the rockfall would trigger the tsunami and
why it would have been so large.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
39) Describe the likely cause of a tsunami in the Pacific
Northwest of the United States.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
40) Describe the likely cause of a tsunami for the East Coast of
the United States.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
41) Describe the likely effects on East Coast cities from a tsunami
in the Atlantic Ocean.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
42) Explain how asteroids and volcanic eruptions are linked with
tsunamis.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
43) Human activity does not affect tsunami magnitude or
frequency. This being the case, how should humans deal with the tsunami threat?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
44) Explain how a tsunami headed for the Hawaiian Islands might
be detected and the public might be warned.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
45) What is Structural Control and how does it help to minimize
the tsunami hazard?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
46) How is a “Run-up Map” created and how does it help to
minimize the tsunami hazard?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
47) The Indonesian Tsunami began with an earthquake from
subduction zone. Explain what each of the following people would have seen
during the tsunami. A) A person in a cruise ship in the ocean, near the
subduction zone. B) A person swimming in the ocean, but near the shoreline
closest to the subduction zone. C) A person on the land closest to the
subduction zone, but a quarter mile from the shoreline. D) A person on the land
far from the subduction zone, but near the shoreline of the ocean that the
tsunami travelled in.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
48) The East Coast United States is at risk for Tsunami. A)
Describe the possible trigger for this tsunami. B) Explain what effects the
tsunami could have for East Coast areas. C) Describe how officials might warn
people once the tsunami is triggered. D) Do you think that U.S. officials could
prevent a catastrophe for the East Coast if the tsunami were to be triggered?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application, Analysis
49) The Pacific Northwest of the United States is at risk for
Tsunami. A) Describe the possible trigger for this tsunami. B) Explain what
officials might do to prepare the public for the possible disaster. C) Do you
think that preparations are adequate to prevent a catastrophe for the Pacific
Northwest?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application, Analysis
50) The Indonesian Tsunami was one of the worst natural
disasters on record. A) Explain the most important reasons why you think that
it became the disaster that it did. B) If you were in charge of making a
mitigation plan for Indonesia, what are the three most important things that
you would put in place and why.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application, Analysis
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