Microbiology Fundamentals A Clinical Approach 3Rd edition By Marjorie Kelly Cowan – Test Bank
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Sample Test
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach, 3e (Cowan)
Chapter 3 Bacteria and Archaea
1) Which of the following is not a characteristic of bacteria?
1. A)
Its DNA is not encased in a membrane.
2. B) It
has a cell wall made of peptidoglycans or other distinct chemicals.
3. C) It
does not have membrane-bound organelles.
4. D)
Its DNA is wrapped around histones.
5. E) All
of these are characteristics of bacteria.
Answer: D
Section: 03.01
Topic: External Bacterial Structures; Internal Bacterial
Structure; Cellular Organization
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.02 Bacteria have unique cell structures
that can be targets for antibiotics, immunity, and phage infection.
2) The two functions of bacterial appendages are ________.
1. A)
attachment and protection
2. B)
attachment and motility
3. C)
motility and slime production
4. D)
energy reactions and synthesis
5. E)
protection and motility
Answer: B
Section: 03.02
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized
structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical
capabilities.
3) Bacterial cells could have any of the following appendages
except ________.
1. A)
flagella
2. B)
cilia
3. C)
fimbriae
4. D)
periplasmic flagella (axial filaments)
5. E)
sex pili
Answer: B
Section: 03.02
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized
structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical
capabilities.
4) Spirochetes have a twisting and flexing locomotion due to
appendages called ________.
1. A)
flagella
2. B)
cilia
3. C)
fimbriae
4. D)
periplasmic flagella (axial filaments)
5. E)
sex pili
Answer: D
Section: 03.02
Topic: Internal Bacterial Structure
Bloom’s: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized
structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical
capabilities.
5) A flagellum is anchored into the bacterial cell envelope by
its ________.
1. A)
hook
2. B)
outer membrane
3. C)
filament
4. D)
sheath
5. E)
basal body
Answer: E
Section: 03.02
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized
structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical
capabilities.
6) The term that refers to the presence of flagella over the
cell surface is ________.
1. A)
amphitrichous
2. B)
atrichous
3. C)
lophotrichous
4. D)
monotrichous
5. E)
peritrichous
Answer: E
Section: 03.02
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized
structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical
capabilities.
7) The term that refers to the presence of a tuft of flagella
emerging from the same site is ________.
1. A)
amphitrichous
2. B)
atrichous
3. C)
lophotrichous
4. D)
monotrichous
5. E)
peritrichous
Answer: C
Section: 03.02
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized
structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical
capabilities.
8) The term that refers to flagella at both poles is ________.
1. A)
amphitrichous
2. B)
atrichous
3. C)
lophotrichous
4. D)
monotrichous
5. E)
peritrichous
Answer: A
Section: 03.02
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized
structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical
capabilities.
9) Chemotaxis refers to the ability to ________.
1. A)
move in response to light
2. B)
move in response to a chemical
3. C)
not move in response to a chemical
4. D)
transport desired molecules into cells
5. E)
None of the choices is correct.
Answer: B
Section: 03.02
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized
structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical
capabilities.
10) A bacterial cell exhibiting chemotaxis probably has
________.
1. A)
fimbriae
2. B) a
capsule
3. C)
thylakoids
4. D)
flagella
5. E)
metachromatic granules
Answer: D
Section: 03.02
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized
structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical
capabilities.
11) What three components comprise the flagellum, extending from
the cytoplasm to the exterior of the cell?
1. A)
Filament, hook, basal body
2. B)
Filament, basal body, hook
3. C)
Basal body, hook, filament
4. D)
Hook, basal body, filament
5. E)
Basal body, filament, hook
Answer: C
Section: 03.02
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized
structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical
capabilities.
12) Movement of a cell toward a chemical stimulus is termed
________.
1. A)
positive phototaxis
2. B)
negative phototaxis
3. C)
positive chemotaxis
4. D)
negative chemotaxis
5. E) a
tumble
Answer: C
Section: 03.02
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized
structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical
capabilities.
13) The short, numerous appendages used by some bacterial cells
for adhering to surfaces are called ________.
1. A)
flagella
2. B)
cilia
3. C)
fimbriae
4. D)
periplasmic flagella (axial filaments)
5. E)
sex pili
Answer: C
Section: 03.02
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized
structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical
capabilities.
14) The transfer of genes during bacterial conjugation involves
rigid, tubular appendages called ________.
1. A)
flagella
2. B)
cilia
3. C)
fimbriae
4. D)
periplasmic flagella (axial filaments)
5. E)
sex pili
Answer: E
Section: 03.02
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized
structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical
capabilities.
15) Which structure protects bacteria from being phagocytized by
white blood cells?
1. A)
Slime layer
2. B) Fimbriae
3. C)
Cell membrane
4. D)
Capsule
5. E)
All of the choices are correct.
Answer: D
Section: 03.02
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized
structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical
capabilities.
16) The outcome of the Gram stain is based on differences in the
cell’s ________.
1. A)
ribosomes
2. B)
inclusions
3. C)
wall
4. D)
membrane
5. E)
flagella
Answer: C
Section: 03.03
Topic: Phenotypic Methods for Identification
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of
microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright
field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron).
17) Which order below reflects the correct procedure for Gram
staining?
1. A)
Alcohol/acetone–crystal violet–safranin–iodine
2. B)
Crystal violet–alcohol/acetone–iodine–safranin
3. C)
Crystal violet–iodine–alcohol/acetone–safranin
4. D)
Iodine–safranin–crystal violet–alcohol/acetone
5. E)
Alcohol/acetone–safranin–crystal violet–iodine
Answer: C
Section: 03.03
Topic: Preparing Microscopy Specimens
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.01 Properly prepare and view specimens
for examination using microscopy (bright field and, if possible, phase
contrast).
18) The cell ________ can be composed of three layers: the
cytoplasmic membrane, the cell wall, and the outer membrane.
1. A)
glycocalyx
2. B)
envelope
3. C)
pathogenic package
4. D)
slime coat
5. E)
None of the choices is correct.
Answer: B
Section: 03.03
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.02 Bacteria have unique cell structures
that can be targets for antibiotics, immunity, and phage infection.
19) During the Gram stain, ________ cells decolorize when the
alcohol is applied.
1. A)
gram-positive
2. B)
gram-negative
3. C)
both gram-positive and -negative
Answer: B
Section: 03.03
Topic: Preparing Microscopy Specimens
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.01 Properly prepare and view specimens
for examination using microscopy (bright field and, if possible, phase
contrast).
20) If bacteria living in salty seawater were displaced to a
freshwater environment, the cell structure that would prevent the cells from
rupturing is the ________.
1. A)
endospore
2. B)
cell wall
3. C) cell
membrane
4. D)
capsule
5. E)
slime layer
Answer: B
Section: 03.03
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.02 Bacteria have unique cell structures
that can be targets for antibiotics, immunity, and phage infection.
21) Peptidoglycan is a unique macromolecule found in bacterial
________.
1. A)
cell walls
2. B)
cell membranes
3. C)
capsules
4. D)
slime layers
5. E)
inclusions
Answer: A
Section: 03.03
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.02 Bacteria have unique cell structures
that can be targets for antibiotics, immunity, and phage infection.
22) A bacterial cell wall that has primarily peptidoglycan with
small amounts of teichoic acid and lipoteichoic acid is ________.
1. A)
gram-negative
2. B)
gram-positive
3. C)
found in archaea
4. D) a
spheroplast
5. E)
acid fast
Answer: B
Section: 03.03
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.02 Bacteria have unique cell structures
that can be targets for antibiotics, immunity, and phage infection.
23) A bacterial genus that has waxy mycolic acid in the cell
walls is ________.
1. A) Mycobacterium
2. B) Mycoplasma
3. C) Streptococcus
4. D) Corynebacterium
5. E) Salmonella
Answer: A
Section: 03.03
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.02 Bacteria have unique cell structures
that can be targets for antibiotics, immunity, and phage infection.
24) The difference in cell wall structure of Mycobacterium and Nocardia compared
to the typical gram-positive bacterial cell wall structure is that they
________.
1. A)
contain more peptidoglycan
2. B)
have a predominance of unique, waxy lipids
3. C)
are easily decolorized
4. D)
contain lipopolysaccharide
5. E)
All of the choices are correct.
Answer: B
Section: 03.03
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.02 Bacteria have unique cell structures
that can be targets for antibiotics, immunity, and phage infection.
25) The ________ stain is used to stain and differentiate Mycobacterium and Nocardia from other
bacteria.
1. A)
acid-fast
2. B)
methylene blue
3. C)
Gram
4. D)
negative
5. E)
basic
Answer: A
Section: 03.03
Topic: Preparing Microscopy Specimens; Phenotypic Methods
for Identification
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.01 Properly prepare and view specimens
for examination using microscopy (bright field and, if possible, phase
contrast).
26) The enzyme ________, found in tears and saliva, can hydrolyze
the bonds in the glycan chains of certain bacterial cell walls.
1. A)
penicillinase
2. B)
lysozyme
3. C)
peptidase
4. D)
All of the choices are correct.
5. E)
None of the choices are correct.
Answer: B
Section: 03.03
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.02 Bacteria have unique cell structures
that can be targets for antibiotics, immunity, and phage infection.
27) Lysozyme is most effective against ________.
1. A)
gram-negative organisms
2. B)
gram-positive organisms
3. C)
mycoplasmas
4. D)
cyanobacteria
5. E)
archaea
Answer: B
Section: 03.03
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.02 Bacteria have unique cell structures
that can be targets for antibiotics, immunity, and phage infection.
28) All of the following structures contribute to the ability of
pathogenic bacteria to cause disease except the ________.
1. A)
inclusions
2. B)
fimbriae
3. C)
capsule
4. D) slime
layer
5. E)
LPS
Answer: A
Section: 03.02; 03.03; 03.04
Topic: External Bacterial Structures; Internal Bacterial
Structure; Virulence/Host Damage
Bloom’s: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function; Module 05
Systems
ASM Objective: 02.02 Bacteria have unique cell structures
that can be targets for antibiotics, immunity, and phage infection.; 02.03
Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g., flagella, endospores,
and pili) that often confer critical capabilities.; 05.04 Microorganisms,
cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in
beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
29) Which of the following does not pertain to endotoxin?
1. A) It
is a specific cell wall lipid
2. B) It
can stimulate fever in the human body
3. C) It
can cause septic shock in the human body
4. D) It
is involved in typhoid fever and some meningitis cases
5. E) It
is found in acid-fast bacterial cell walls
Answer: E
Section: 03.03
Topic: External Bacterial Structures; Virulence/Host
Damage
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function; Module 05
Systems
ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized
structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical
capabilities.; 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both
human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
30) The site(s) for most ATP synthesis in bacterial cells
is(are) the ________.
1. A)
ribosomes
2. B)
mitochondria
3. C)
cell wall
4. D)
inclusions
5. E)
cell membrane
Answer: E
Section: 03.03
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function; Module 03
Metabolic Pathways
ASM Objective: 03.03 The survival and growth of any microorganism
in a given environment depends on its metabolic characteristics.; 02.02
Bacteria have unique cell structures that can be targets for antibiotics,
immunity, and phage infection.
31) Gram-negative bacteria
1. A)
are more susceptible to antibiotics that target peptidoglycan than
gram-positive organisms.
2. B)
are less susceptible to antibiotics that target peptidoglycan than
gram-positive organisms.
3. C)
stain purple in the Gram stain.
4. D)
encompass all pathogens.
5. E)
None of the choices is correct.
Answer: B
Section: 03.03
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.02 Bacteria have unique cell structures
that can be targets for antibiotics, immunity, and phage infection.
32) Which of the following is not true of the outer membrane?
1. A)
The uppermost layer is made of lipopolysaccharides.
2. B)
The innermost layer is a phospholipid bilayer.
3. C)
The porin proteins create channels through the outer membrane.
4. D)
Gram-positive bacteria have an outer membrane.
5. E)
The lipid portion of the lipopolysaccharide layer is an endotoxin.
Answer: D
Section: 03.03
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.02 Bacteria have unique cell structures
that can be targets for antibiotics, immunity, and phage infection.
33) All bacterial cells have ________.
1. A)
one or more chromosomes
2. B)
one or more fimbriae
3. C)
the ability to produce endospores
4. D)
capsules
5. E)
flagella
Answer: A
Section: 03.01
Topic: Internal Bacterial Structure; Cellular Organization
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.02 Bacteria have unique cell structures
that can be targets for antibiotics, immunity, and phage infection.
34) The most immediate result of destruction of a cell’s
ribosomes would be ________.
1. A)
material would not be able to cross the cell membrane
2. B)
protein synthesis would stop
3. C)
destruction of the cell’s DNA
4. D)
formation of glycogen inclusions
5. E)
loss of the capsule
Answer: B
Section: 03.01; 03.04
Topic: Internal Bacterial Structure
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is
universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and
translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes.
35) The bacterial chromosome ________.
1. A) is
located in the cell membrane
2. B)
contains all the cell’s plasmids
3. C) is
part of the nucleoid
4. D)
forms a single linear strand of DNA
5. E)
All of the choices are correct.
Answer: C
Section: 03.01; 03.04
Topic: Internal Bacterial Structure; Cellular Organization
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is
universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and
translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes.
36) Which of the following is mismatched?
1. A)
Ribosomes – protein synthesis
2. B)
Inclusions – excess cell nutrients and materials
3. C)
Plasmids – genes essential for growth and metabolism
4. D)
Nucleoid – hereditary material
5. E)
Cytoplasm – dense, gelatinous solution
Answer: C
Section: 03.04
Topic: Internal Bacterial Structure
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function; Module 04
Information Flow
ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is
universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and
translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes.; 02.02 Bacteria have
unique cell structures that can be targets for antibiotics, immunity, and phage
infection.
37) Plasmids ________.
1. A)
are found in all bacteria
2. B)
are essential for growth and metabolism
3. C)
cannot be passed between organisms
4. D)
cannot be passed on to progeny
5. E)
are often the site of pathogenic genes
Answer: E
Section: 03.04
Topic: Internal Bacterial Structure
Bloom’s: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function; Module 04 Information
Flow
ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is
universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and
translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes.; 02.03 Bacteria and
Archaea have specialized structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that
often confer critical capabilities.
38) The chemical components of ribosomes are proteins and
________.
1. A)
mRNA
2. B)
tRNA
3. C)
rRNA
4. D)
All of the choices are correct.
5. E)
None of the choices is correct.
Answer: C
Section: 03.04
Topic: Internal Bacterial Structure
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is
universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and
translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes.
39) The function of bacterial endospores is ________.
1. A) to
convert gaseous nitrogen to a usable form for plants
2. B)
reproduction and growth
3. C)
protection of genetic material during harsh conditions
4. D) storage
of excess cell materials
5. E) to
act as sites for photosynthesis
Answer: C
Section: 03.04
Topic: Internal Bacterial Structure
Bloom’s: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized
structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical
capabilities.
40) Chemical analysis of a bacterial cell structure detects
calcium and dipicolinic acid. What is the identity of this structure?
1. A)
Cell wall
2. B)
Capsule
3. C)
Slime layer
4. D)
Nucleoid
5. E)
Endospore
Answer: E
Section: 03.04
Topic: Internal Bacterial Structure
Bloom’s: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized
structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical
capabilities.
41) Endospores are ________.
1. A)
metabolically inactive
2. B)
resistant to heat and chemical destruction
3. C)
resistant to destruction by radiation
4. D)
living structures
5. E)
All of the choices are correct.
Answer: E
Section: 03.04
Topic: Internal Bacterial Structure
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized
structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical
capabilities.
42) Bacterial endospores are not produced by ________.
1. A) Staphylococcus
2. B) Sporosarcina
3. C) Bacillus
4. D) Clostridium
5. E)
All of the choices are correct.
Answer: A
Section: 03.04
Topic: Internal Bacterial Structure
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized
structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical
capabilities.
43) Which term is not used to describe bacterial cell shapes?
1. A)
Coccus
2. B)
Tetrad
3. C)
Vibrio
4. D)
Rod
5. E)
Spirochete
Answer: B
Section: 03.01
Topic: Bacterial Cellular Morphology
Bloom’s: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of
microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright
field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron).
44) Cells form a ________ arrangement when cells in a chain snap
back upon each other forming a row of cells oriented side by side.
1. A)
tetrad
2. B)
strep
3. C)
staph
4. D)
sarcina
5. E)
palisade
Answer: E
Section: 03.01
Topic: Bacterial Cellular Morphology
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of
microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright
field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron).
45) If you looked at a ________ under the microscope, you would
likely see an irregular cluster of spherical cells.
1. A)
palisade
2. B)
sarcina
3. C)
staphylococcus
4. D)
streptococcus
5. E)
diplococcus
Answer: C
Section: 03.01
Topic: Bacterial Cellular Morphology
Bloom’s: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of
microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright
field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron).
46) A chain of rod-shaped cells would be called a(an) ________.
1. A)
streptobacillus
2. B)
staphylobacillus
3. C)
streptococcus
4. D)
staphylococcus
5. E)
sarcina
Answer: A
Section: 03.01
Topic: Bacterial Cellular Morphology
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of
microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright
field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron).
47) ________ Manual
of Systematic Bacteriology is a manual of bacterial
descriptions and classifications.
1. A) Pasteur’s
2. B) Lister’s
3. C) Bergey’s
4. D) Leeuwenhoek’s
5. E) Koch’s
Answer: C
Section: 03.06
Topic: Identifying Microorganisms; Taxonomy of
Microorganisms
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 07 Scientific Thinking
ASM Objective: 07.03b Ability to communicate and
collaborate with other disciplines: Identify credible scientific sources and
interpret and evaluate the information therein.
48) Which of the following is not a phenotypic trait of
bacteria?
1. A)
rRNA sequencing
2. B)
Shape
3. C)
Growth pattern in a culture medium
4. D)
Biochemical reaction
5. E)
All of these are phenotypic traits.
Answer: A
Section: 03.06
Topic: Phenotypic Methods for Identification; Taxonomy of
Microorganisms
Bloom’s: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of
microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright
field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron).
49) Which of the following is mismatched?
1. A)
Gracilicutes – gram-negative cell walls
2. B)
Firmicutes – gram-positive cell walls
3. C)
Tenericutes – waxy acid-fast cell walls
4. D)
Mendosicutes – archaea cell walls
5. E)
None of the choices are correct.
Answer: C
Section: 03.06
Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of
organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees.
50) Which of the following is not a division of bacteria and
archaea according to Bergey’s
Manual of Determinative Bacteriology?
1. A)
Gracilicutes
2. B)
Scotobacteria
3. C)
Firmicutes
4. D)
Tenericutes
5. E)
Mendosicutes
Answer: B
Section: 03.06
Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of
organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees.
51) Which of the following is mismatched?
1. A)
Methanogens – convert CO2and H2gases into methane
2. B)
Extreme halophiles – adapted to salty habitats
3. C)
Psychrophiles – adapted to very low temperatures
4. D)
Hyperthermophile – adapted to high temperatures
5. E)
Thermoplasmas – adapted to frozen environments
Answer: E
Section: 03.05
Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms
Bloom’s: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways
ASM Objective: 03.01 Bacteria and Archaea exhibit
extensive, and often unique, metabolic diversity (e.g., nitrogen fixation,
methane production, anoxygenic photosynthesis).
52) Two major structures that allow bacteria to adhere to
surfaces are ________ and ________.
1. A)
pili; ribosomes
2. B)
fimbrae; capsules
3. C)
lipopolysaccharides; techoic acids
4. D)
actin filaments; phospholipid membrane(s)
5. E)
actin filaments; ribosomes
Answer: B
Section: 03.02
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized
structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical
capabilities.
53) A client has a serious case of the flu. A random sample of
sputum was taken from the patient coughing up blood. The lab tech said they had
isolated a bacterium that did not have any peptidoglycan. You hypothesize that
the identity of this microbe could possibly be ________.
1. A) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
2. B) Borrelia burghdorferi
3. C) Streptococcus pneumoniae
4. D) Mycoplasma pneumoniae
5. E) Staphylococcus aureus
Answer: D
Section: 03.03
Topic: External Bacterial Structures; Identifying
Microorganisms
Bloom’s: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function; Module 07
Scientific Thinking
ASM Objective: 02.02 Bacteria have unique cell structures
that can be targets for antibiotics, immunity, and phage infection.; 07.01b
Ability to apply the process of science: Analyze and interpret results from a
variety of microbiological methods and apply these methods to analogous
situations.
54) Halobacterium
salinarium lives in and requires salt. This is an example of
an archaeabacterium described as a(n) ________.
1. A)
osmophile
2. B)
halophile
3. C)
thermophile
4. D) psychrophile
5. E)
methanogen
Answer: B
Section: 03.05
Topic: Identifying Microorganisms
Bloom’s: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways
ASM Objective: 03.03 The survival and growth of any
microorganism in a given environment depends on its metabolic characteristics.;
05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic
ecosystems.; 03.01 Bacteria and Archaea exhibit extensive, and often unique,
metabolic diversity (e.g., nitrogen fixation, methane production, anoxygenic photosynthesis).
55) Spirochetes are able to move due to ________.
1. A) a
periplasmic flagellum
2. B) a
membrane-bound flagellum
3. C)
cilia serving as walking feet
4. D)
pseudopods
5. E)
fimbriae
Answer: A
Section: 03.02
Topic: Internal Bacterial Structure
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized
structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical
capabilities.
56) Which of the following species of bacteria is not closely
related to the others?
1. A) Staphylococcus aureus
2. B) Staphylococcus epidermidis
3. C) Staphylococcus saprophyticus
4. D) Escherichia coli
5. E) Staphylococcus capitis
Answer: D
Section: 03.06
Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms
Bloom’s: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.04 The traditional concept of species is
not readily applicable to microbes due to asexual reproduction and the frequent
occurrence of horizontal gene transfer.
57) Archaea do not have the typical peptidoglycan structure
found in bacterial cell walls.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 03.05
Topic: External Bacterial Structures; Taxonomy of
Microorganisms
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 02.02 Bacteria have unique cell structures
that can be targets for antibiotics, immunity, and phage infection.; 02.03
Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g., flagella, endospores,
and pili) that often confer critical capabilities.
58) Cellular organisms without a true nucleus include bacteria
and viruses.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 03.01
Topic: Internal Bacterial Structure; Cellular Organization
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.02 Bacteria have unique cell structures
that can be targets for antibiotics, immunity, and phage infection.
59) Pili used for conjugation are only found on gram-negative
bacteria.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 03.02
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized
structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical
capabilities.
60) The slime layer provides bacteria greater pathogenicity as
compared to the capsule.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 03.02
Topic: External Bacterial Structures; Virulence/Host
Damage
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized
structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical
capabilities.
61) If during the Gram stain procedure, the bacterial cells were
viewed immediately after crystal violet was applied, gram-positive cells would
be purple but gram-negative cells would be colorless.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 03.03
Topic: Preparing Microscopy Specimens
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.01 Properly prepare and view specimens
for examination using microscopy (bright field and, if possible, phase
contrast).
62) Iodine is the decolorizer in the Gram stain.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 03.03
Topic: Preparing Microscopy Specimens
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.01 Properly prepare and view specimens
for examination using microscopy (bright field and, if possible, phase
contrast).
63) The cell envelope of gram-positive bacteria has two layers:
a thick cell wall and the cell membrane.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 03.03
Topic: External Bacterial Structures
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.02 Bacteria have unique cell structures
that can be targets for antibiotics, immunity, and phage infection.; 02.01 The
structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of
microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron).
64) Gram-negative bacteria do not have peptidoglycan in their
cell walls.
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